1 00:00:00,090 --> 00:00:02,490 The following content is provided under a Creative 2 00:00:02,490 --> 00:00:04,030 Commons license. 3 00:00:04,030 --> 00:00:06,330 Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare 4 00:00:06,330 --> 00:00:10,690 continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. 5 00:00:10,690 --> 00:00:13,320 To make a donation or view additional materials 6 00:00:13,320 --> 00:00:17,280 from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare 7 00:00:17,280 --> 00:00:20,980 at ocw.mit.edu 8 00:00:20,980 --> 00:00:21,630 PROFESSOR: OK. 9 00:00:21,630 --> 00:00:23,928 I'm just going to get started. 10 00:00:23,928 --> 00:00:28,890 First, a little administrative stuff, definitely fewer people 11 00:00:28,890 --> 00:00:31,690 signed in on Monday than actually showed up in class. 12 00:00:31,690 --> 00:00:35,490 So there were a bunch of people who just forgot to sign in. 13 00:00:35,490 --> 00:00:38,740 I tried to check off people that I remembered being in class. 14 00:00:38,740 --> 00:00:40,920 But if you were in class and you think 15 00:00:40,920 --> 00:00:42,750 that you may not have signed in, I 16 00:00:42,750 --> 00:00:47,148 have Monday's sign up sheet here. 17 00:00:47,148 --> 00:00:48,957 So this is up front. 18 00:00:48,957 --> 00:00:50,290 I'm not going to pass it around. 19 00:00:50,290 --> 00:00:51,930 You can just come up here and sign it if you need to. 20 00:00:51,930 --> 00:00:54,444 The actual attendance sheet is, I believe, on the table 21 00:00:54,444 --> 00:00:55,110 right there now. 22 00:00:55,110 --> 00:00:55,770 Yeah. 23 00:00:55,770 --> 00:00:57,750 So make sure that gets handed off 24 00:00:57,750 --> 00:00:59,840 to anybody who comes in later. 25 00:00:59,840 --> 00:01:02,831 And I'm going to start off talking about the reading. 26 00:01:02,831 --> 00:01:04,289 We're going to play some games that 27 00:01:04,289 --> 00:01:05,640 are related to that reading. 28 00:01:05,640 --> 00:01:10,171 And then we're going to take a break, do your set up, 29 00:01:10,171 --> 00:01:12,170 and then you'll be play-testing with each other. 30 00:01:12,170 --> 00:01:18,600 All right, who is on a team who doesn't have a game yet? 31 00:01:18,600 --> 00:01:21,240 You're waiting for team members to bring it in. 32 00:01:21,240 --> 00:01:23,680 You don't think you're going to have a game ready today. 33 00:01:23,680 --> 00:01:24,930 STUDENT: We don't have a game. 34 00:01:24,930 --> 00:01:25,640 STUDENT: We don't have our board, 35 00:01:25,640 --> 00:01:26,820 but we can do it on tiles again. 36 00:01:26,820 --> 00:01:28,200 PROFESSOR: You can do it on tiles? 37 00:01:28,200 --> 00:01:30,230 STUDENT: So far we've only play-tested in the hallway. 38 00:01:30,230 --> 00:01:30,840 PROFESSOR: OK. 39 00:01:30,840 --> 00:01:33,420 STUDENT: We actually bought a board, which is on its way. 40 00:01:33,420 --> 00:01:34,400 PROFESSOR: OK. 41 00:01:34,400 --> 00:01:36,380 On its way is fine, because we're going to do 42 00:01:36,380 --> 00:01:38,088 play-testing in the second half of class. 43 00:01:38,088 --> 00:01:40,291 But on its way, you mean like US Postal-- 44 00:01:40,291 --> 00:01:42,135 STUDENT: On its way as in on a truck. 45 00:01:42,135 --> 00:01:43,060 PROFESSOR: Oh. 46 00:01:43,060 --> 00:01:44,685 STUDENT: We've only played it on tiles. 47 00:01:44,685 --> 00:01:45,630 So far it's worked. 48 00:01:45,630 --> 00:01:46,880 So we can just do it on tiles. 49 00:01:46,880 --> 00:01:47,713 PROFESSOR: On tiles? 50 00:01:47,713 --> 00:01:48,726 You mean-- 51 00:01:48,726 --> 00:01:50,100 STUDENT: Like out in the hallway. 52 00:01:50,100 --> 00:01:51,862 PROFESSOR: Oh, because it's a live action game. 53 00:01:51,862 --> 00:01:52,200 STUDENT: Yeah. 54 00:01:52,200 --> 00:01:52,535 PROFESSOR: Oh, all right. 55 00:01:52,535 --> 00:01:53,290 That makes sense. 56 00:01:53,290 --> 00:01:56,400 Actually, that will work fine. 57 00:01:56,400 --> 00:01:59,044 All right, so today's reading was partnered. 58 00:01:59,044 --> 00:02:01,710 And some of you may be surprised that we jumped all the way back 59 00:02:01,710 --> 00:02:03,180 to chapter 1. 60 00:02:03,180 --> 00:02:05,580 But it's kind of revisiting an old topic, right? 61 00:02:05,580 --> 00:02:08,850 First of all, he talks about the basic concepts 62 00:02:08,850 --> 00:02:12,450 of games and play and sports. 63 00:02:12,450 --> 00:02:15,420 And I kind of want to go back to that. 64 00:02:15,420 --> 00:02:21,240 But I've already voiced my own opinion on "what is game" 65 00:02:21,240 --> 00:02:22,620 question. 66 00:02:22,620 --> 00:02:26,250 And I think it's not very productive to talk about what 67 00:02:26,250 --> 00:02:28,200 is a game, because then you now have 68 00:02:28,200 --> 00:02:30,200 to decide what isn't a game. 69 00:02:30,200 --> 00:02:33,090 But what I do like to talk about are all the different things 70 00:02:33,090 --> 00:02:36,917 that play and game can mean-- 71 00:02:36,917 --> 00:02:38,375 especially in the English language. 72 00:02:41,010 --> 00:02:43,700 Even in Parlett he always talks about how it's a little weird 73 00:02:43,700 --> 00:02:47,850 that we have two different words with two different origins 74 00:02:47,850 --> 00:02:49,980 to mean very related things. 75 00:02:49,980 --> 00:02:51,810 But as a result of that, these two words 76 00:02:51,810 --> 00:02:54,790 have kind of been used and reused 77 00:02:54,790 --> 00:02:56,850 to describe a whole bunch of related-- but not 78 00:02:56,850 --> 00:02:58,420 quite the same-- concepts. 79 00:02:58,420 --> 00:03:00,940 And I just want to be able to run through that with you. 80 00:03:00,940 --> 00:03:03,490 So we have play. 81 00:03:03,490 --> 00:03:06,040 We have game. 82 00:03:06,040 --> 00:03:06,875 We have sport. 83 00:03:10,160 --> 00:03:11,780 So that's let's talk about what would 84 00:03:11,780 --> 00:03:14,690 be like the noun definitions. 85 00:03:14,690 --> 00:03:17,320 Like, what are all the things that play 86 00:03:17,320 --> 00:03:20,150 can mean, game can mean, or sport 87 00:03:20,150 --> 00:03:25,432 can mean when you are using it as a noun? 88 00:03:25,432 --> 00:03:27,360 STUDENT: Game as in-- 89 00:03:27,360 --> 00:03:28,806 I don't know. 90 00:03:28,806 --> 00:03:32,840 Like a fighter maybe, like to spit game. 91 00:03:32,840 --> 00:03:33,590 PROFESSOR: Uh-huh. 92 00:03:33,590 --> 00:03:36,450 To spit-- to spit back game. 93 00:03:36,450 --> 00:03:38,530 So that is-- 94 00:03:38,530 --> 00:03:39,340 OK. 95 00:03:39,340 --> 00:03:42,270 I'm going to use the word swagger, because I think it 96 00:03:42,270 --> 00:03:45,610 gets the concept across well. 97 00:03:45,610 --> 00:03:46,737 Yeah. 98 00:03:46,737 --> 00:03:48,070 STUDENT: Like gaming the system. 99 00:03:48,070 --> 00:03:49,940 You know how you're like-- 100 00:03:49,940 --> 00:03:52,459 PROFESSOR: Well, that's kind of verb-y, but yeah. 101 00:03:52,459 --> 00:03:53,750 STUDENT: Oh yeah, that's right. 102 00:03:53,750 --> 00:03:57,450 PROFESSOR: To game-- which means to-- 103 00:03:57,450 --> 00:03:58,706 STUDENT: Sorry? 104 00:03:58,706 --> 00:04:00,706 PROFESSOR: How would you describe that concept-- 105 00:04:00,706 --> 00:04:03,422 to game the system? 106 00:04:03,422 --> 00:04:05,516 Gaming-- gaming the system. 107 00:04:05,516 --> 00:04:06,980 STUDENT: I don't know. 108 00:04:06,980 --> 00:04:08,940 Ways to cheat, or-- 109 00:04:08,940 --> 00:04:13,545 PROFESSOR: Look for loopholes, exploits, you know-- 110 00:04:13,545 --> 00:04:14,170 exploit, maybe. 111 00:04:16,800 --> 00:04:17,988 OK. 112 00:04:17,988 --> 00:04:20,790 STUDENT: Play-- it can be like a move, or like an action 113 00:04:20,790 --> 00:04:22,014 you take. 114 00:04:22,014 --> 00:04:23,430 PROFESSOR: Like a baseball player. 115 00:04:23,430 --> 00:04:25,170 Right, you know-- that was a great play. 116 00:04:25,170 --> 00:04:26,810 STUDENT: Yeah. 117 00:04:26,810 --> 00:04:31,096 PROFESSOR: So like tactics almost, right? 118 00:04:31,096 --> 00:04:32,807 STUDENT: Yeah. 119 00:04:32,807 --> 00:04:34,890 PROFESSOR: No wonder you actually have to execute. 120 00:04:34,890 --> 00:04:35,770 I'm glad that you caught that. 121 00:04:35,770 --> 00:04:37,570 It's something that actually had to have happen. 122 00:04:37,570 --> 00:04:39,170 STUDENT: Like a theater performance. 123 00:04:39,170 --> 00:04:41,630 PROFESSOR: A theater performance-- so also stage, 124 00:04:41,630 --> 00:04:44,960 or opera, or something like that-- 125 00:04:44,960 --> 00:04:46,216 a stage play. 126 00:04:50,030 --> 00:04:50,710 What else is? 127 00:04:50,710 --> 00:04:54,790 STUDENT: Play as in not that serious. 128 00:04:54,790 --> 00:04:55,440 PROFESSOR: OK. 129 00:04:55,440 --> 00:04:58,010 STUDENT: Playing around. 130 00:04:58,010 --> 00:04:59,380 PROFESSOR: So child's play. 131 00:04:59,380 --> 00:05:02,870 You know, this idea of the thing that kids 132 00:05:02,870 --> 00:05:04,190 are doing most of the time. 133 00:05:04,190 --> 00:05:07,970 That's playing in some sort of general noun sense. 134 00:05:07,970 --> 00:05:08,860 OK. 135 00:05:08,860 --> 00:05:12,218 So I'm going to go an put child's-- 136 00:05:12,218 --> 00:05:14,210 STUDENT: Like pressing play-- 137 00:05:14,210 --> 00:05:17,057 for a video or starting like a game. 138 00:05:17,057 --> 00:05:17,640 PROFESSOR: OK. 139 00:05:17,640 --> 00:05:22,580 So play as in to initiate a sequence. 140 00:05:22,580 --> 00:05:27,240 Sometimes overlaps a little bit with this. 141 00:05:27,240 --> 00:05:29,100 But yeah, you know, it will do. 142 00:05:31,830 --> 00:05:34,720 Because you can use play to describe something 143 00:05:34,720 --> 00:05:39,040 that happened in the past, or to make plays, 144 00:05:39,040 --> 00:05:40,450 and to start a play. 145 00:05:40,450 --> 00:05:41,430 All right. 146 00:05:41,430 --> 00:05:45,900 Or press Play to-- you know, actually, that's-- 147 00:05:45,900 --> 00:05:48,510 instead of initiative, maybe it's like this icon, right? 148 00:05:48,510 --> 00:05:49,120 STUDENT: Yeah. 149 00:05:49,120 --> 00:05:50,495 PROFESSOR: This icon on the VCR-- 150 00:05:50,495 --> 00:05:53,495 no one uses VCRs. 151 00:05:53,495 --> 00:05:56,710 How about on a QuickTime streaming window. 152 00:05:56,710 --> 00:05:58,968 All right, so what else? 153 00:06:01,660 --> 00:06:03,303 No one's touching sport here. 154 00:06:03,303 --> 00:06:05,762 STUDENT: Sports you may like to show off. 155 00:06:05,762 --> 00:06:08,465 Like if you're sporting a [INAUDIBLE] thing. 156 00:06:08,465 --> 00:06:09,755 PROFESSOR: OK. 157 00:06:09,755 --> 00:06:11,427 So like sporting your colors. 158 00:06:11,427 --> 00:06:12,010 STUDENT: Yeah. 159 00:06:12,010 --> 00:06:15,570 PROFESSOR: OK, so like a display of some sort. 160 00:06:15,570 --> 00:06:18,540 I'm going to put that more in the verb side of things, OK? 161 00:06:18,540 --> 00:06:21,417 STUDENT: It could be like a nickname for a young-- 162 00:06:21,417 --> 00:06:22,000 PROFESSOR: OK. 163 00:06:22,000 --> 00:06:22,599 Sport. 164 00:06:22,599 --> 00:06:23,198 Yeah. 165 00:06:27,509 --> 00:06:30,390 STUDENT: It can also be like a good sport, 166 00:06:30,390 --> 00:06:32,690 so like a nice game. 167 00:06:32,690 --> 00:06:35,584 PROFESSOR: So some of those virtuous kind of things. 168 00:06:35,584 --> 00:06:36,083 Yeah. 169 00:06:40,160 --> 00:06:42,345 I'm not sure if I got that right, but-- 170 00:06:42,345 --> 00:06:44,065 STUDENT: It can mean like fun or hobby-- 171 00:06:44,065 --> 00:06:47,430 like you do something for sport. 172 00:06:47,430 --> 00:06:48,892 STUDENT: Fishing for sport. 173 00:06:48,892 --> 00:06:50,100 PROFESSOR: Fishing for sport? 174 00:06:50,100 --> 00:06:50,720 Yeah. 175 00:06:50,720 --> 00:06:51,580 STUDENT: Like hunting for sport. 176 00:06:51,580 --> 00:06:54,180 PROFESSOR: Fishing for sport as opposed to sport fishing, 177 00:06:54,180 --> 00:06:55,020 right? 178 00:06:55,020 --> 00:06:57,230 Those are, you know-- 179 00:06:57,230 --> 00:07:01,170 [LAUGHTER] 180 00:07:01,170 --> 00:07:03,278 That's another pun, but never mind. 181 00:07:07,580 --> 00:07:08,786 So for fun. 182 00:07:12,410 --> 00:07:15,570 So I mean it's funny, because often it 183 00:07:15,570 --> 00:07:18,515 is used to make something sound like it's for low stakes 184 00:07:18,515 --> 00:07:20,790 when it actually is very high stakes. 185 00:07:20,790 --> 00:07:23,430 Like, you know, oh, we're going to have people for sport. 186 00:07:23,430 --> 00:07:27,060 [LAUGHTER] 187 00:07:27,060 --> 00:07:31,910 I just think of like 18th century literature when 188 00:07:31,910 --> 00:07:41,842 it comes to like, he plays at relationships for sport, 189 00:07:41,842 --> 00:07:42,800 or something like that. 190 00:07:42,800 --> 00:07:44,300 You know, it's like something that's 191 00:07:44,300 --> 00:07:46,080 supposed to be high stakes, but it's not. 192 00:07:46,080 --> 00:07:49,244 OK, so I think maybe instead of for fun, 193 00:07:49,244 --> 00:07:55,130 I'll say for low stakes or no stakes-- 194 00:07:55,130 --> 00:07:55,840 which is bizarre. 195 00:07:55,840 --> 00:07:59,100 Because sport is usually a very high stakes thing. 196 00:07:59,100 --> 00:08:01,600 What else? 197 00:08:01,600 --> 00:08:04,100 STUDENT: People think sport is something athletic. 198 00:08:04,100 --> 00:08:05,280 PROFESSOR: Mm-hmm. 199 00:08:05,280 --> 00:08:10,850 OK, so there's a whole section in Parlett 200 00:08:10,850 --> 00:08:12,440 where he talks about the possibility 201 00:08:12,440 --> 00:08:16,200 that the word game might have come from the bending of knees, 202 00:08:16,200 --> 00:08:20,875 because gam is a sort of Welsh root for a leg-- 203 00:08:20,875 --> 00:08:24,000 gam, cam. 204 00:08:24,000 --> 00:08:26,480 But that's nowadays more associated 205 00:08:26,480 --> 00:08:29,480 with some sort of-- physical activities 206 00:08:29,480 --> 00:08:32,770 and sport tend to go together. 207 00:08:32,770 --> 00:08:35,190 What else? 208 00:08:35,190 --> 00:08:38,094 Like something that you hunt-- 209 00:08:38,094 --> 00:08:39,496 like that sort of game, like-- 210 00:08:39,496 --> 00:08:40,495 PROFESSOR: Like poultry? 211 00:08:45,420 --> 00:08:52,190 Yeah, game as in animals that you hunt. 212 00:08:52,190 --> 00:08:52,690 Yeah. 213 00:08:57,190 --> 00:08:58,516 STUDENT: [INAUDIBLE]. 214 00:09:03,000 --> 00:09:06,673 STUDENT: I guess this is more of an idiomatic expression, 215 00:09:06,673 --> 00:09:13,591 but people tend to use game when something is also low stakes. 216 00:09:13,591 --> 00:09:15,132 Like, you've heard this as a phrase-- 217 00:09:15,132 --> 00:09:17,540 "do you think this is a game?" 218 00:09:17,540 --> 00:09:19,600 PROFESSOR: Yeah. 219 00:09:19,600 --> 00:09:29,461 So again, something that is low stakes or is inconsequential, 220 00:09:29,461 --> 00:09:29,960 almost. 221 00:09:29,960 --> 00:09:34,450 Like there is no penalty for having done this thing. 222 00:09:42,306 --> 00:09:44,761 All right, what else? 223 00:09:44,761 --> 00:09:47,295 STUDENT: [INAUDIBLE]. 224 00:09:47,295 --> 00:09:50,740 Well, along the same lines, what if you're 225 00:09:50,740 --> 00:09:54,120 like specifically making a joke out of something-- 226 00:09:54,120 --> 00:09:58,988 like you've made is a game to do that? 227 00:09:58,988 --> 00:10:00,480 PROFESSOR: Um, hmm. 228 00:10:00,480 --> 00:10:04,210 STUDENT: Like that's sort of like an intention of mocking 229 00:10:04,210 --> 00:10:05,230 or-- 230 00:10:05,230 --> 00:10:06,980 PROFESSOR: Oh, hmm. 231 00:10:06,980 --> 00:10:08,667 I feel that's related to this one. 232 00:10:08,667 --> 00:10:09,250 STUDENT: Yeah. 233 00:10:09,250 --> 00:10:10,750 PROFESSOR: Because they're kind of-- 234 00:10:10,750 --> 00:10:12,215 when you make a game of something, 235 00:10:12,215 --> 00:10:14,590 what you're really doing is kind of belittling it, right? 236 00:10:14,590 --> 00:10:15,376 STUDENT: Yes. 237 00:10:15,376 --> 00:10:17,750 PROFESSOR: So I think that's just a different application 238 00:10:17,750 --> 00:10:18,710 of the same thing. 239 00:10:18,710 --> 00:10:20,876 STUDENT: But when you're making a game of something, 240 00:10:20,876 --> 00:10:24,040 aren't you also making a structure of it? 241 00:10:24,040 --> 00:10:26,434 Or is that different than what you're saying? 242 00:10:26,434 --> 00:10:27,100 STUDENT: For me? 243 00:10:27,100 --> 00:10:28,440 STUDENT: Yeah. 244 00:10:28,440 --> 00:10:31,080 STUDENT: Well, I was saying from like the sort of a mockery 245 00:10:31,080 --> 00:10:33,845 sense of it. 246 00:10:33,845 --> 00:10:36,992 Like he made a game of our process, 247 00:10:36,992 --> 00:10:37,950 or something like that. 248 00:10:37,950 --> 00:10:38,450 STUDENT: OK. 249 00:10:38,450 --> 00:10:40,408 PROFESSOR: But I think making a structure of it 250 00:10:40,408 --> 00:10:42,160 is a different application, right? 251 00:10:42,160 --> 00:10:46,115 It's like you are applying rules to something that might have 252 00:10:46,115 --> 00:10:47,540 not needed it, necessarily. 253 00:10:47,540 --> 00:10:50,890 But, you know, now you're come up with rules. 254 00:10:50,890 --> 00:10:53,560 I'm going to make a game of tipping, right? 255 00:10:53,560 --> 00:10:57,620 Because we have five people, [INAUDIBLE]. 256 00:10:57,620 --> 00:11:00,570 All right. 257 00:11:00,570 --> 00:11:04,007 STUDENT: It can also refer to [? hooks. ?] Like 258 00:11:04,007 --> 00:11:06,340 before the Superbowl, everyone talks about the big game. 259 00:11:06,340 --> 00:11:07,673 PROFESSOR: Big game-- right, OK. 260 00:11:07,673 --> 00:11:11,844 I'm just going to say the big game, or the game. 261 00:11:11,844 --> 00:11:13,815 STUDENT: And I'm also thinking of the phrase 262 00:11:13,815 --> 00:11:15,400 like it's all part of the game, where 263 00:11:15,400 --> 00:11:16,300 someone might do something-- 264 00:11:16,300 --> 00:11:17,800 PROFESSOR: Are they a sports lover? 265 00:11:17,800 --> 00:11:20,090 STUDENT: No, isn't that skin in the game? 266 00:11:20,090 --> 00:11:21,590 PROFESSOR: No, it's not that-- 267 00:11:21,590 --> 00:11:26,292 even in sports, it's all in the game, right? 268 00:11:26,292 --> 00:11:28,000 STUDENT: Even in sports it's in the game. 269 00:11:28,000 --> 00:11:30,230 PROFESSOR: But skin in the game is almost certainly 270 00:11:30,230 --> 00:11:33,262 a morsel of some sporting good that has-- 271 00:11:33,262 --> 00:11:34,720 STUDENT: It's all part of the game. 272 00:11:34,720 --> 00:11:35,770 PROFESSOR: It's all part of the game, yeah. 273 00:11:35,770 --> 00:11:37,978 STUDENT: Like when someone does something unexpected, 274 00:11:37,978 --> 00:11:43,510 or maybe you might think it's unethical, or slightly immoral, 275 00:11:43,510 --> 00:11:45,190 or going out of the boundaries of the-- 276 00:11:45,190 --> 00:11:46,820 STUDENT: Are you thinking of Game of Thrones? 277 00:11:46,820 --> 00:11:47,403 PROFESSOR: OK. 278 00:11:50,157 --> 00:11:51,990 STUDENT: I'm thinking of like a lawyer doing 279 00:11:51,990 --> 00:11:53,507 something backhanded. 280 00:11:53,507 --> 00:11:55,465 And you know, like the prosecutor is surprised. 281 00:11:55,465 --> 00:11:57,048 And the defense attorney is like, it's 282 00:11:57,048 --> 00:11:58,713 all part of the game. 283 00:11:58,713 --> 00:11:59,960 PROFESSOR: Right. 284 00:11:59,960 --> 00:12:03,860 Yeah, so there's just sort of like this bounded space where 285 00:12:03,860 --> 00:12:07,080 things are permitted-- like specific kinds of things that 286 00:12:07,080 --> 00:12:08,870 might-- 287 00:12:08,870 --> 00:12:13,312 this introduces a concept that-- 288 00:12:13,312 --> 00:12:15,055 it introduces the magic circle. 289 00:12:17,949 --> 00:12:19,615 I'm not sure if we have any reading that 290 00:12:19,615 --> 00:12:22,640 touched on this-- but this idea that a game is 291 00:12:22,640 --> 00:12:25,280 this bounded space where you can do things 292 00:12:25,280 --> 00:12:28,760 that you wouldn't necessarily be allowed to do in real life. 293 00:12:28,760 --> 00:12:31,400 And, similarly, consequences that happen inside 294 00:12:31,400 --> 00:12:32,829 don't necessarily apply outside-- 295 00:12:32,829 --> 00:12:34,870 like it's incredibly important to hold it inside. 296 00:12:34,870 --> 00:12:38,570 Like when the position of a ball is 297 00:12:38,570 --> 00:12:41,010 generally meaningless outside of the game. 298 00:12:41,010 --> 00:12:44,480 But inside the game, it's everything, right? 299 00:12:44,480 --> 00:12:49,610 But you know, you can body check somebody in a hockey rink. 300 00:12:49,610 --> 00:12:52,510 You know, you're not really allowed 301 00:12:52,510 --> 00:12:53,972 to do that on the sidewalk. 302 00:12:56,740 --> 00:13:00,030 So I think that gets close to what you just told 303 00:13:00,030 --> 00:13:01,417 about your lawyer application. 304 00:13:01,417 --> 00:13:03,500 You're allowed to do this within these parameters, 305 00:13:03,500 --> 00:13:06,370 because this is how the game is played, all right? 306 00:13:06,370 --> 00:13:09,640 Whereas, I'm wondering about the game-- 307 00:13:09,640 --> 00:13:12,530 there's this concept of the game, as in the big game, 308 00:13:12,530 --> 00:13:14,410 like a Superbowl And I'm wondering 309 00:13:14,410 --> 00:13:17,680 is that only used in broadcasting? 310 00:13:17,680 --> 00:13:18,535 Or is that-- 311 00:13:18,535 --> 00:13:19,993 STUDENT: So there's certain rights. 312 00:13:19,993 --> 00:13:22,768 So you can't say like Superbowl without getting 313 00:13:22,768 --> 00:13:25,754 permission of whoever has the rights to that name. 314 00:13:25,754 --> 00:13:27,170 PROFESSOR: But even something like 315 00:13:27,170 --> 00:13:28,150 "are you going to come over to watch 316 00:13:28,150 --> 00:13:29,360 the game", which doesn't necessarily 317 00:13:29,360 --> 00:13:30,674 mean that it's the Superbowl 318 00:13:30,674 --> 00:13:31,460 STUDENT: Right. 319 00:13:31,460 --> 00:13:33,540 PROFESSOR: Like there's this weekly thing. 320 00:13:33,540 --> 00:13:38,591 But it seems to be very TV related. 321 00:13:38,591 --> 00:13:40,382 "The Game" as this thing that you see on TV 322 00:13:40,382 --> 00:13:42,470 is this event that's happening at a specific time, 323 00:13:42,470 --> 00:13:46,347 rather than football in general. 324 00:13:46,347 --> 00:13:47,930 STUDENT: There's some crossover, then. 325 00:13:47,930 --> 00:13:50,940 Because like the stage aspect-- because you're watching it-- 326 00:13:50,940 --> 00:13:52,190 but also the athletic aspect-- 327 00:13:52,190 --> 00:13:52,580 PROFESSOR: Yeah it goes back to this. 328 00:13:52,580 --> 00:13:53,970 STUDENT: --because it's a sport, and you watch the game. 329 00:13:53,970 --> 00:13:54,636 PROFESSOR: Yeah. 330 00:13:54,636 --> 00:13:56,583 So I'm just going to put TV next to that. 331 00:13:56,583 --> 00:13:57,083 OK. 332 00:13:57,083 --> 00:13:57,930 You had your hand up for a moment. 333 00:13:57,930 --> 00:14:00,305 STUDENT: Yeah, I was going to say games as like skill, as 334 00:14:00,305 --> 00:14:01,555 in like he's got game-- 335 00:14:01,555 --> 00:14:04,275 sort of like skill or ability. 336 00:14:04,275 --> 00:14:05,650 PROFESSOR: I think that goes back 337 00:14:05,650 --> 00:14:06,330 to the swagger a little bit. 338 00:14:06,330 --> 00:14:07,731 STUDENT: Yeah, kind of. 339 00:14:07,731 --> 00:14:11,310 STUDENT: But swagger's like attitude, 340 00:14:11,310 --> 00:14:14,792 whereas this might be skill. 341 00:14:14,792 --> 00:14:16,210 STUDENT: I guess if you go by-- 342 00:14:16,210 --> 00:14:18,270 PROFESSOR: The assumption, I think, 343 00:14:18,270 --> 00:14:20,610 is that those two are related. 344 00:14:20,610 --> 00:14:22,640 STUDENT: Well, one is the appearance of skill, 345 00:14:22,640 --> 00:14:23,939 and the other is having skill. 346 00:14:23,939 --> 00:14:25,980 PROFESSOR: Oh, spit mad game versus got mad game. 347 00:14:25,980 --> 00:14:26,050 OK. 348 00:14:26,050 --> 00:14:26,330 All right. 349 00:14:26,330 --> 00:14:26,890 OK, OK. 350 00:14:26,890 --> 00:14:31,450 So actual skill versus the portrayal of that. 351 00:14:31,450 --> 00:14:34,310 STUDENT: The game, like as a pick-up artist thing. 352 00:14:34,310 --> 00:14:43,166 PROFESSOR: Oh, that's sort of the dating game, basically. 353 00:14:43,166 --> 00:14:44,984 It's kind of like-- 354 00:14:44,984 --> 00:14:47,400 I know that in those books that's very specifically called 355 00:14:47,400 --> 00:14:48,560 a game. 356 00:14:48,560 --> 00:14:51,210 But I think that the use of the words "the game" 357 00:14:51,210 --> 00:14:55,000 to describe dating in general predates that book by far. 358 00:15:00,940 --> 00:15:03,860 STUDENT: Play could also be referring to sports. 359 00:15:03,860 --> 00:15:08,152 Like in football, there's a certain book that you 360 00:15:08,152 --> 00:15:09,160 [INAUDIBLE] plays-- 361 00:15:09,160 --> 00:15:10,200 a play book. 362 00:15:10,200 --> 00:15:11,006 PROFESSOR: Yeah. 363 00:15:11,006 --> 00:15:13,420 That was kind of like defense, right? 364 00:15:13,420 --> 00:15:15,197 But you're right. 365 00:15:15,197 --> 00:15:16,530 You can write these things down. 366 00:15:16,530 --> 00:15:18,940 You can talk about them as a library of things 367 00:15:18,940 --> 00:15:22,260 that you can do. 368 00:15:22,260 --> 00:15:24,040 STUDENT: There's the Great Game. 369 00:15:24,040 --> 00:15:25,176 PROFESSOR: The Great Game? 370 00:15:25,176 --> 00:15:28,700 STUDENT: Was it the Afghan War or the Crimean War? 371 00:15:28,700 --> 00:15:30,012 PROFESSOR: Oh. 372 00:15:30,012 --> 00:15:32,370 So now we're thinking part two. 373 00:15:32,370 --> 00:15:32,990 STUDENT: Yeah. 374 00:15:32,990 --> 00:15:34,210 OK. 375 00:15:34,210 --> 00:15:36,450 So like the England versus Russia-- 376 00:15:36,450 --> 00:15:38,260 or Napoleon versus Russia-- 377 00:15:38,260 --> 00:15:40,110 I forget exactly the years and dates. 378 00:15:40,110 --> 00:15:44,930 But it was a social political conflict going on. 379 00:15:44,930 --> 00:15:48,119 PROFESSOR: So there are specific wars that 380 00:15:48,119 --> 00:15:49,410 are referred to as great games. 381 00:15:55,460 --> 00:15:57,950 Game of Thrones probably is related to that, too. 382 00:15:57,950 --> 00:16:03,040 Although, that includes political things. 383 00:16:03,040 --> 00:16:06,160 I mean, even just on the noun side, we've gone through a lot. 384 00:16:09,830 --> 00:16:13,090 If we include adjectives-- and we've brought up a couple 385 00:16:13,090 --> 00:16:14,640 of adjectives so far-- 386 00:16:14,640 --> 00:16:17,330 part of those to talk about how some people can say that you 387 00:16:17,330 --> 00:16:19,650 have a [INAUDIBLE], which means you 388 00:16:19,650 --> 00:16:22,970 actually have [INAUDIBLE], which is kind of weird. 389 00:16:22,970 --> 00:16:27,260 But it's his extrapolation of where the word game might 390 00:16:27,260 --> 00:16:29,987 actually have come from Celtic origins 391 00:16:29,987 --> 00:16:31,278 rather than from Latin origins. 392 00:16:34,090 --> 00:16:36,850 How about verbs? 393 00:16:36,850 --> 00:16:39,350 Sporting-- to sport-- 394 00:16:39,350 --> 00:16:41,820 well, I guess we already did to sport. 395 00:16:41,820 --> 00:16:54,174 Although-- to game, to play, [INAUDIBLE]. 396 00:16:54,174 --> 00:16:55,590 STUDENT: Like playing [INAUDIBLE]. 397 00:16:55,590 --> 00:16:57,530 PROFESSOR: Yeah, exactly. 398 00:16:57,530 --> 00:16:58,800 STUDENT: Like to execute. 399 00:16:58,800 --> 00:17:05,437 Like if you make a play, that's like you're executing it. 400 00:17:05,437 --> 00:17:06,895 STUDENT: Building on that, it could 401 00:17:06,895 --> 00:17:09,310 be like a performance-- like to play an instrument. 402 00:17:09,310 --> 00:17:09,894 PROFESSOR: OK. 403 00:17:09,894 --> 00:17:11,351 STUDENT: When you play [? a part ?] 404 00:17:11,351 --> 00:17:12,650 you kind of execute it. 405 00:17:12,650 --> 00:17:15,839 STUDENT: You're executing a series of things. 406 00:17:15,839 --> 00:17:18,950 You execute a stage play [INAUDIBLE]. 407 00:17:18,950 --> 00:17:21,030 PROFESSOR: But to play something in a game 408 00:17:21,030 --> 00:17:23,349 seems like a much more time-limited thing 409 00:17:23,349 --> 00:17:25,750 than to play a musical instrument. 410 00:17:25,750 --> 00:17:28,400 It seems kind of like a lifetime thing, almost. 411 00:17:28,400 --> 00:17:30,600 Like I play something. 412 00:17:30,600 --> 00:17:34,210 I play the clarinet has a very different connotation from I 413 00:17:34,210 --> 00:17:39,030 play this queen, or I play this card. 414 00:17:39,030 --> 00:17:42,327 So those are two-- 415 00:17:42,327 --> 00:17:43,910 probably on the same spectrum, they're 416 00:17:43,910 --> 00:17:46,410 like almost on opposite ends-- closely related, 417 00:17:46,410 --> 00:17:47,565 but on opposite ends. 418 00:17:54,840 --> 00:17:56,790 Sporting? 419 00:17:56,790 --> 00:18:00,740 Sporting I generally associate-- again, sort of like 420 00:18:00,740 --> 00:18:02,090 "to be a good sport". 421 00:18:02,090 --> 00:18:05,835 But this is more like fairness-- sporting-- 422 00:18:05,835 --> 00:18:07,710 give someone a sporting chance kind of thing. 423 00:18:12,090 --> 00:18:13,640 If it's just to finish. 424 00:18:13,640 --> 00:18:14,890 STUDENT: It actually might be. 425 00:18:23,130 --> 00:18:24,840 PROFESSOR: It's funny how this seems 426 00:18:24,840 --> 00:18:29,506 to be like the only connotation of game as a verb, right? 427 00:18:29,506 --> 00:18:32,842 But gaming is also kind of associated with the gambling 428 00:18:32,842 --> 00:18:34,530 industry. 429 00:18:34,530 --> 00:18:38,070 It you go to a gaming conference, what you actually 430 00:18:38,070 --> 00:18:41,070 mean is that they're talking about stakes-- 431 00:18:41,070 --> 00:18:45,714 stake games, roulette-- 432 00:18:45,714 --> 00:18:49,500 STUDENT: What about like to game-- 433 00:18:49,500 --> 00:18:50,640 like I play games. 434 00:18:50,640 --> 00:18:52,440 I game. 435 00:18:52,440 --> 00:18:57,820 PROFESSOR: Yeah, so that's a fairly recent connotation-- 436 00:18:57,820 --> 00:19:03,066 usually in association with digital games, but not always, 437 00:19:03,066 --> 00:19:03,566 right? 438 00:19:03,566 --> 00:19:07,040 So to play. 439 00:19:15,824 --> 00:19:18,540 So we can say to someone, I am a gamer. 440 00:19:18,540 --> 00:19:21,930 It's not implying that I look for loopholes in everything 441 00:19:21,930 --> 00:19:22,987 that I can do. 442 00:19:29,670 --> 00:19:35,430 So I'm pretty sure we could keep on going for a while. 443 00:19:35,430 --> 00:19:37,997 I just think it's kind of neat that we 444 00:19:37,997 --> 00:19:41,210 have all of these different terminologies 445 00:19:41,210 --> 00:19:44,750 that all use the same words. 446 00:19:44,750 --> 00:19:49,080 It often can get confusing in sort of casual speech. 447 00:19:49,080 --> 00:19:51,630 Specifically, it doesn't get too confusing 448 00:19:51,630 --> 00:19:54,195 when you're talking to fellow designers or other people 449 00:19:54,195 --> 00:19:55,070 in the game industry. 450 00:19:55,070 --> 00:19:57,360 Because the context of which they're 451 00:19:57,360 --> 00:20:00,740 using any one of these words, to me, is pretty clear. 452 00:20:00,740 --> 00:20:03,240 And you're always thinking about the context when you say, 453 00:20:03,240 --> 00:20:09,540 you know, I game the system, or they've got game. 454 00:20:09,540 --> 00:20:16,790 You know, it makes it very clear. 455 00:20:16,790 --> 00:20:23,110 But I do think that Parlett kind of slightly opens the box. 456 00:20:23,110 --> 00:20:27,720 He tries to cut it into a sort of a cross section of all 457 00:20:27,720 --> 00:20:30,090 the things that these words can possibly mean. 458 00:20:30,090 --> 00:20:33,910 Yet, it's even richer than that. 459 00:20:33,910 --> 00:20:37,170 And the reason why he does that is so that he can actually 460 00:20:37,170 --> 00:20:39,150 get into the topic of his book, which 461 00:20:39,150 --> 00:20:40,600 is board games specifically. 462 00:20:40,600 --> 00:20:42,200 And he starts breaking it down. 463 00:20:42,200 --> 00:20:43,620 He's like, all right, now that we 464 00:20:43,620 --> 00:20:47,520 know that games and play and sports and everything 465 00:20:47,520 --> 00:20:49,490 are all kind of fuzzy, and muddled, and not 466 00:20:49,490 --> 00:20:53,820 really very clear, how do sort of at least clarify 467 00:20:53,820 --> 00:20:57,548 what we're talking about when it comes to board games? 468 00:20:57,548 --> 00:21:01,320 Anyone remember the five things that he ended up with-- 469 00:21:01,320 --> 00:21:03,310 the five categories of board games 470 00:21:03,310 --> 00:21:05,969 that he kind of ended up with? 471 00:21:05,969 --> 00:21:07,260 Four of the rhyme, one doesn't. 472 00:21:09,788 --> 00:21:10,760 STUDENT: Race games. 473 00:21:10,760 --> 00:21:12,460 PROFESSOR: Race games. 474 00:21:12,460 --> 00:21:13,370 STUDENT: Space games. 475 00:21:13,370 --> 00:21:14,525 PROFESSOR: Space games. 476 00:21:14,525 --> 00:21:15,400 STUDENT: Chase games. 477 00:21:15,400 --> 00:21:16,992 PROFESSOR: Chase games. 478 00:21:16,992 --> 00:21:18,240 STUDENT: Displacement. 479 00:21:18,240 --> 00:21:22,460 PROFESSOR: And displace, which he admits he only 480 00:21:22,460 --> 00:21:24,110 gave that name because it rhymes. 481 00:21:24,110 --> 00:21:25,130 And then number five? 482 00:21:27,457 --> 00:21:29,040 I think he just give up at this point. 483 00:21:36,419 --> 00:21:37,210 It was interesting. 484 00:21:37,210 --> 00:21:38,850 Because he was kind of saying like here 485 00:21:38,850 --> 00:21:48,160 are these four that, traditionally, other scholars 486 00:21:48,160 --> 00:21:51,420 like to study, because they are bereft of theme. 487 00:21:55,150 --> 00:21:57,760 And they look at themed games, and they say, like, 488 00:21:57,760 --> 00:21:59,590 that's not worthy of studying. 489 00:21:59,590 --> 00:22:01,630 There's this whole chunk. 490 00:22:01,630 --> 00:22:03,865 And Parlett says, wait a minute. 491 00:22:03,865 --> 00:22:06,490 First of all, most of games that you'll buy off the shelf right 492 00:22:06,490 --> 00:22:08,660 now are probably themed games. 493 00:22:08,660 --> 00:22:11,820 And the reason why there is this interest in race games, 494 00:22:11,820 --> 00:22:14,490 chase games, displace games-- 495 00:22:14,490 --> 00:22:15,580 space games? 496 00:22:15,580 --> 00:22:17,330 I think I'm confused. 497 00:22:21,850 --> 00:22:24,970 He also describes those more as positional games. 498 00:22:24,970 --> 00:22:30,850 And positional games of the sort that scholars like to study 499 00:22:30,850 --> 00:22:33,460 tend to be folk games that have been handed down 500 00:22:33,460 --> 00:22:34,970 from generations. 501 00:22:34,970 --> 00:22:37,040 Of course, he's narrowing it down to board games. 502 00:22:37,040 --> 00:22:40,220 He's not including things like card games, which are also 503 00:22:40,220 --> 00:22:42,140 a very rich game tradition. 504 00:22:42,140 --> 00:22:44,740 He has a whole separate book-- that I think we also get 505 00:22:44,740 --> 00:22:46,560 to in this class-- 506 00:22:46,560 --> 00:22:47,680 on card games. 507 00:22:47,680 --> 00:22:52,855 But this is just specifically his board game work. 508 00:22:52,855 --> 00:22:54,730 But he wants to start looking at theme games. 509 00:22:54,730 --> 00:22:58,876 And this was him introducing scholarship on theme games 510 00:22:58,876 --> 00:23:01,690 later on on his book. 511 00:23:01,690 --> 00:23:05,280 I just want to make you realize that the whole idea of studying 512 00:23:05,280 --> 00:23:06,580 games as a product-- 513 00:23:06,580 --> 00:23:08,680 we already talked a little bit about how 514 00:23:08,680 --> 00:23:12,640 the idea of a game as a product to begin with is fairly new. 515 00:23:12,640 --> 00:23:16,970 We're talking about 1900s when that starts to become a thing. 516 00:23:16,970 --> 00:23:21,850 But then the idea of studying something like that-- 517 00:23:21,850 --> 00:23:24,210 I think we're talking about like '50s and '60s-- 518 00:23:24,210 --> 00:23:27,260 very, very recent-- the idea that games as a product 519 00:23:27,260 --> 00:23:28,700 is something that we can study. 520 00:23:28,700 --> 00:23:30,250 Whereas things like games as a sport 521 00:23:30,250 --> 00:23:34,900 can probably go back a little bit further than that. 522 00:23:34,900 --> 00:23:37,690 Statistics, for instance, has been obsessed with baseball 523 00:23:37,690 --> 00:23:40,457 for a long time, because it's very rich 524 00:23:40,457 --> 00:23:42,800 and we have good products. 525 00:23:42,800 --> 00:23:46,330 So I don't want to get too much into how he 526 00:23:46,330 --> 00:23:47,730 arrives at those definitions. 527 00:23:47,730 --> 00:23:49,480 You know, he takes a couple of definitions 528 00:23:49,480 --> 00:23:50,938 that other people have come up with 529 00:23:50,938 --> 00:23:52,180 and tries to build on them. 530 00:23:52,180 --> 00:23:56,110 Like all scholars, he citing previous work. 531 00:23:56,110 --> 00:24:00,730 But what I'd like have us play today 532 00:24:00,730 --> 00:24:03,550 are what I feel are a couple of modern 533 00:24:03,550 --> 00:24:07,670 takes on those categories that he came up with. 534 00:24:07,670 --> 00:24:11,200 So in the race game-- 535 00:24:11,200 --> 00:24:15,894 what's a race game, if you have to describe it in one sentence? 536 00:24:15,894 --> 00:24:17,560 STUDENT: You get to the end point first. 537 00:24:17,560 --> 00:24:19,434 PROFESSOR: Get to the end point first, right? 538 00:24:19,434 --> 00:24:27,150 So Cartagena-- has anyone played this? 539 00:24:27,150 --> 00:24:27,880 OK. 540 00:24:27,880 --> 00:24:32,830 So if you look at the game, it feels a little bit 541 00:24:32,830 --> 00:24:35,210 like a tile-laying game. 542 00:24:35,210 --> 00:24:37,710 Because what you're really doing is you are trying to create 543 00:24:37,710 --> 00:24:40,510 this path from the jail that is keeping you-- 544 00:24:40,510 --> 00:24:42,014 you're a bunch of pirates-- 545 00:24:42,014 --> 00:24:44,430 from the jail that is keeping you all the way to the boat. 546 00:24:44,430 --> 00:24:48,320 And then you can run off scot-free. 547 00:24:48,320 --> 00:24:51,670 But one of the core mechanics is that every player controls 548 00:24:51,670 --> 00:24:53,239 a different set of pirates. 549 00:24:53,239 --> 00:24:54,780 You have a bunch of different colors. 550 00:24:54,780 --> 00:24:57,740 You're all trying to get to the boat first. 551 00:24:57,740 --> 00:25:00,010 So the first person to get your entire gang of pirates 552 00:25:00,010 --> 00:25:01,250 to the boat wins. 553 00:25:01,250 --> 00:25:02,100 So it's a race game. 554 00:25:02,100 --> 00:25:03,810 You're racing against other people. 555 00:25:03,810 --> 00:25:05,340 It just happens to be the track that you're 556 00:25:05,340 --> 00:25:06,715 racing on happens to be something 557 00:25:06,715 --> 00:25:08,714 that you build over time rather than something 558 00:25:08,714 --> 00:25:09,630 that's pre-determined. 559 00:25:09,630 --> 00:25:13,096 So there's something they'll take I think. 560 00:25:13,096 --> 00:25:16,580 Let me skip over to read the other things. 561 00:25:16,580 --> 00:25:19,000 For displaced games, has anyone played 562 00:25:19,000 --> 00:25:20,420 Twilight Struggle in this room? 563 00:25:20,420 --> 00:25:21,190 OK. 564 00:25:21,190 --> 00:25:25,170 I may need you to help explain this game to other people. 565 00:25:25,170 --> 00:25:25,940 STUDENT: OK. 566 00:25:25,940 --> 00:25:30,243 I've played it once, like at the end of my first semester. 567 00:25:30,243 --> 00:25:30,826 PROFESSOR: OK. 568 00:25:30,826 --> 00:25:31,870 All right. 569 00:25:31,870 --> 00:25:33,850 I'll just take a look at the rules again. 570 00:25:33,850 --> 00:25:36,040 This is unfortunately a little bit 571 00:25:36,040 --> 00:25:38,750 of a tall order to ask someone to pick up 572 00:25:38,750 --> 00:25:41,617 Twilight Struggle in class. 573 00:25:41,617 --> 00:25:43,700 But this was looking at ease of the design system. 574 00:25:43,700 --> 00:25:44,770 This is a war game. 575 00:25:44,770 --> 00:25:47,200 You are given a map of the world. 576 00:25:47,200 --> 00:25:48,340 STUDENT: Oh, gosh. 577 00:25:48,340 --> 00:25:49,920 PROFESSOR: OK? 578 00:25:49,920 --> 00:25:51,360 It's the Cold War-- 579 00:25:51,360 --> 00:25:54,427 1945 to 1989-- and there's a whole bunch 580 00:25:54,427 --> 00:25:56,260 of things that come from modern game design, 581 00:25:56,260 --> 00:26:00,070 like you have event cards that recall important things that 582 00:26:00,070 --> 00:26:03,190 happened-- the Cuban Missile Crisis, Korean War, Pershing II 583 00:26:03,190 --> 00:26:06,340 rockets deployed, things like that. 584 00:26:06,340 --> 00:26:09,850 But again, it's about influence across a space, 585 00:26:09,850 --> 00:26:12,010 which just happens to be laid out 586 00:26:12,010 --> 00:26:16,210 on top of the map of the world to regions like the United 587 00:26:16,210 --> 00:26:20,200 States of America, to South and Central America, 588 00:26:20,200 --> 00:26:24,340 to Western Europe, Eastern Europe, and so on and so forth. 589 00:26:24,340 --> 00:26:27,020 So you're deploying influence points, 590 00:26:27,020 --> 00:26:30,430 which is not all that different from deploying 591 00:26:30,430 --> 00:26:31,900 what he calls mans-- 592 00:26:31,900 --> 00:26:39,310 men-- mans-- across a space, and trying 593 00:26:39,310 --> 00:26:43,390 to be able to push influence towards your faction, 594 00:26:43,390 --> 00:26:46,290 rather than to the opposite, depending on whether you're 595 00:26:46,290 --> 00:26:49,550 playing the US or the soviets. 596 00:26:49,550 --> 00:26:57,340 So displace games-- hold on, are those displace games? 597 00:27:00,130 --> 00:27:03,280 Well, let me just set up this one too. 598 00:27:03,280 --> 00:27:07,270 Scotland Yard-- I think this might have been-- 599 00:27:10,090 --> 00:27:13,104 this was what I intended to bring out as displace. 600 00:27:13,104 --> 00:27:15,187 But I'm not quite sure that you capture any pieces 601 00:27:15,187 --> 00:27:15,644 in this game. 602 00:27:15,644 --> 00:27:16,101 Do you recall? 603 00:27:16,101 --> 00:27:16,560 Do you capture things? 604 00:27:16,560 --> 00:27:17,940 STUDENT: You capture influence. 605 00:27:17,940 --> 00:27:20,698 You trade influence back and forth over-- 606 00:27:20,698 --> 00:27:21,477 PROFESSOR: Right. 607 00:27:21,477 --> 00:27:23,852 You capture it, but then you can reintroduce it later on. 608 00:27:23,852 --> 00:27:24,240 STUDENT: Yeah. 609 00:27:24,240 --> 00:27:24,823 PROFESSOR: OK. 610 00:27:24,823 --> 00:27:28,310 So this has been displaced. 611 00:27:28,310 --> 00:27:30,310 Scotland Yard, which I believe we have mentioned 612 00:27:30,310 --> 00:27:33,550 in class before, is kind of like the evolution 613 00:27:33,550 --> 00:27:35,020 of the chase game. 614 00:27:35,020 --> 00:27:39,270 Chase games are super old. 615 00:27:39,270 --> 00:27:41,560 Some of the more famous ancient ones 616 00:27:41,560 --> 00:27:43,590 are Scandinavian in origin-- 617 00:27:43,590 --> 00:27:46,230 a lot of Norse-- a lot of Viking games-- 618 00:27:46,230 --> 00:27:48,520 where you have a King. 619 00:27:48,520 --> 00:27:50,940 You have a couple of bodyguards for the king. 620 00:27:50,940 --> 00:27:54,080 And you've got a whole bunch of low level pawns 621 00:27:54,080 --> 00:27:56,950 all trying to flank the king. 622 00:27:56,950 --> 00:27:59,670 That's the theme of a whole genre 623 00:27:59,670 --> 00:28:02,140 of games called Tafl, of which chase games will 624 00:28:02,140 --> 00:28:03,985 form a big part of. 625 00:28:03,985 --> 00:28:08,920 In this game, you are a Mr. X on the run from a bunch 626 00:28:08,920 --> 00:28:11,050 of Scotland Yard detectives. 627 00:28:11,050 --> 00:28:13,090 The map is London. 628 00:28:13,090 --> 00:28:15,727 More importantly, it's the London public transport system. 629 00:28:15,727 --> 00:28:17,310 And what you're trying to do is you're 630 00:28:17,310 --> 00:28:18,370 trying to go underground. 631 00:28:18,370 --> 00:28:23,320 You're trying to grab cabs, take buses, and conceal where 632 00:28:23,320 --> 00:28:26,320 you are while the rest of the players 633 00:28:26,320 --> 00:28:28,790 were all controlling the detectives. 634 00:28:28,790 --> 00:28:32,082 Actually-- yeah, three to six players. 635 00:28:32,082 --> 00:28:33,790 The people who are controlling detectives 636 00:28:33,790 --> 00:28:35,414 are basically just trying to flank you. 637 00:28:35,414 --> 00:28:39,400 And so-- a nice little modern evolution-- 638 00:28:39,400 --> 00:28:41,500 they have a neat little doodad, which 639 00:28:41,500 --> 00:28:44,570 is the way to be able to track the moves that you 640 00:28:44,570 --> 00:28:49,450 made without revealing it to your opponents. 641 00:28:49,450 --> 00:28:53,220 STUDENT: Is the bad guy's position private or public. 642 00:28:53,220 --> 00:28:54,300 PROFESSOR: It is private. 643 00:28:54,300 --> 00:28:58,000 But little bits of information pop up. 644 00:28:58,000 --> 00:29:01,936 So you reveal that in the public. 645 00:29:01,936 --> 00:29:07,470 Empire Builder is a train game which one of our grad student 646 00:29:07,470 --> 00:29:11,551 alums now almost exclusively studies-- 647 00:29:11,551 --> 00:29:14,920 but a very interesting kind of training game 648 00:29:14,920 --> 00:29:18,210 that you may not have heard of, called crayon rails, 649 00:29:18,210 --> 00:29:23,720 where you are given a big sheet of plastic laminated board-- 650 00:29:23,720 --> 00:29:25,810 I guess it's kind of like a jigsaw-- 651 00:29:25,810 --> 00:29:28,099 and a grease crayon-- 652 00:29:28,099 --> 00:29:29,640 a bunch of grease crayons, actually-- 653 00:29:29,640 --> 00:29:31,980 Crayola washable crayons. 654 00:29:31,980 --> 00:29:33,940 Here we go. 655 00:29:33,940 --> 00:29:36,852 And you are just drawing your rails across the map, 656 00:29:36,852 --> 00:29:38,560 trying to establish your railroad empire. 657 00:29:43,280 --> 00:29:44,905 So this was the one that I was thinking 658 00:29:44,905 --> 00:29:48,280 of as space, because it's all about occupying space. 659 00:29:48,280 --> 00:29:50,107 But you're occupying space with a network, 660 00:29:50,107 --> 00:29:51,940 rather than occupying space with just pieces 661 00:29:51,940 --> 00:29:54,230 that you're placing down. 662 00:29:54,230 --> 00:29:56,520 You're creating lines across the United States 663 00:29:56,520 --> 00:29:57,450 while you are do that. 664 00:29:57,450 --> 00:30:02,230 So I think this particular genre of train games 665 00:30:02,230 --> 00:30:05,400 are an interesting take on space games. 666 00:30:05,400 --> 00:30:08,300 There's a whole other genre of train games 667 00:30:08,300 --> 00:30:10,510 that's really more about the economics of what 668 00:30:10,510 --> 00:30:13,939 it's like to be a robber baron train lord. 669 00:30:13,939 --> 00:30:15,480 Those are really fascinating as well. 670 00:30:15,480 --> 00:30:18,600 And those fall kind of more on the economic sense, which 671 00:30:18,600 --> 00:30:20,920 Parlett doesn't really address. 672 00:30:20,920 --> 00:30:24,189 Or maybe those fall under his definition theme games. 673 00:30:24,189 --> 00:30:25,480 STUDENT: Yeah, I think they do. 674 00:30:25,480 --> 00:30:26,890 PROFESSOR: Yeah. 675 00:30:26,890 --> 00:30:31,360 And Power Grid is just this huge mishmash of everything. 676 00:30:31,360 --> 00:30:34,850 But I am using it as an example of a theme game, 677 00:30:34,850 --> 00:30:37,800 where if you play any of these games and you play Power Grid, 678 00:30:37,800 --> 00:30:41,370 you'll see their connections. 679 00:30:41,370 --> 00:30:44,440 It's a game where you play on a network of Germany. 680 00:30:48,550 --> 00:30:51,690 And you're basically trying to create 681 00:30:51,690 --> 00:30:54,064 efficient links between different power stations 682 00:30:54,064 --> 00:30:54,980 that you are building. 683 00:30:54,980 --> 00:30:58,261 And it's not all that different from creating a railroad 684 00:30:58,261 --> 00:30:58,760 empire. 685 00:30:58,760 --> 00:31:03,070 You just happen to be trying to create an energy generating 686 00:31:03,070 --> 00:31:05,530 empire that's going to use different commodities-- 687 00:31:05,530 --> 00:31:09,880 like oil and-- 688 00:31:09,880 --> 00:31:11,317 I think you can burn refuse. 689 00:31:11,317 --> 00:31:12,400 Yeah, you can burn refuse. 690 00:31:12,400 --> 00:31:14,892 You can burn coal. 691 00:31:14,892 --> 00:31:16,600 And you're all playing on the same space. 692 00:31:16,600 --> 00:31:18,570 You can occupy space. 693 00:31:18,570 --> 00:31:20,470 So it's kind of like a space game, 694 00:31:20,470 --> 00:31:23,020 because when you take a space, no one else can take that away 695 00:31:23,020 --> 00:31:23,520 from you. 696 00:31:23,520 --> 00:31:26,050 But most of this game is about the economy 697 00:31:26,050 --> 00:31:28,222 rather than about the specific positions 698 00:31:28,222 --> 00:31:30,180 where you place things-- although, that's going 699 00:31:30,180 --> 00:31:33,310 to influence your economy. 700 00:31:33,310 --> 00:31:35,990 So it's a complicated game. 701 00:31:35,990 --> 00:31:40,500 It's very well designed if you have the right set of rules. 702 00:31:40,500 --> 00:31:44,420 The rules that come in the box have misprints in them. 703 00:31:44,420 --> 00:31:54,120 Specifically, they break things into turns, phases, and steps. 704 00:31:54,120 --> 00:31:59,210 And then they kind of don't use those words consistently. 705 00:31:59,210 --> 00:32:02,230 If you are interested in seeing how 706 00:32:02,230 --> 00:32:05,600 fairly straightforward rules can be really, really confusing, 707 00:32:05,600 --> 00:32:07,225 take a look at the rules of Power Grid, 708 00:32:07,225 --> 00:32:08,980 then take a look at the printed rules 709 00:32:08,980 --> 00:32:11,270 that I printed out from the printer. 710 00:32:11,270 --> 00:32:16,940 Because these are the revised rules from Board Game Geek 711 00:32:16,940 --> 00:32:21,010 that are basically translations from the German rules. 712 00:32:21,010 --> 00:32:24,110 And they're a little bit more consistent. 713 00:32:24,110 --> 00:32:26,040 It is a complicated game. 714 00:32:26,040 --> 00:32:28,350 We might not be able to get through a full game 715 00:32:28,350 --> 00:32:30,000 and learn the game at the same time. 716 00:32:30,000 --> 00:32:32,030 Has anyone here played Power Grid? 717 00:32:32,030 --> 00:32:35,946 I encourage you to set up the game to help more people do it. 718 00:32:38,862 --> 00:32:39,622 All right. 719 00:32:39,622 --> 00:32:40,746 So what we're going to do-- 720 00:32:40,746 --> 00:32:44,354 actually, any questions before we break out into game groups? 721 00:32:44,354 --> 00:32:44,854 No? 722 00:32:47,690 --> 00:32:48,190 OK. 723 00:32:48,190 --> 00:32:50,760 So we'll play this until about-- 724 00:32:50,760 --> 00:32:53,110 actually, I think all the way until 3:00 probably, 725 00:32:53,110 --> 00:32:55,740 or at least 2:45 or so. 726 00:32:55,740 --> 00:32:58,014 STUDENT: We'll call time [INAUDIBLE]. 727 00:32:58,014 --> 00:32:58,680 PROFESSOR: Yeah. 728 00:32:58,680 --> 00:32:59,940 We'll have about 15 minutes for you 729 00:32:59,940 --> 00:33:01,530 to get all of your play-tests ready. 730 00:33:01,530 --> 00:33:03,655 And then the last hour is when you're play-testing. 731 00:33:03,655 --> 00:33:04,340 Cool.