1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,090 JASON: I can still smell it on me. 2 00:00:02,090 --> 00:00:04,270 I took two showers. 3 00:00:04,270 --> 00:00:06,582 JULIE: I don't think I ever smelled bad, so you must have 4 00:00:06,582 --> 00:00:08,672 something really wrong. 5 00:00:08,672 --> 00:00:40,910 [MUSIC PLAYING] 6 00:00:40,910 --> 00:00:44,370 GUEST SPEAKER: Last time on 5.301, the students made seven 7 00:00:44,370 --> 00:00:47,290 slightly different versions of penicillin. 8 00:00:47,290 --> 00:00:50,370 Today and tomorrow, they'll be testing which one is best at 9 00:00:50,370 --> 00:00:52,070 killing bacteria. 10 00:00:52,070 --> 00:00:54,710 They do this by adding seven different amounts of 11 00:00:54,710 --> 00:00:56,980 penicillin to a constant number of E. 12 00:00:56,980 --> 00:00:59,320 coli in seven tubes. 13 00:00:59,320 --> 00:01:02,760 The bacteria will be incubated for 24 hours, and then the 14 00:01:02,760 --> 00:01:06,730 students will measure how much bacteria is left in each tube. 15 00:01:06,730 --> 00:01:09,510 They'll plot a graph of bacterial concentration versus 16 00:01:09,510 --> 00:01:11,300 penicillin concentration. 17 00:01:11,300 --> 00:01:14,030 This is called a killing curve. 18 00:01:14,030 --> 00:01:17,350 The steeper the killing curve, that better the antibiotic. 19 00:01:17,350 --> 00:01:20,350 GUEST SPEAKER: Don't sneeze or anything. 20 00:01:20,350 --> 00:01:23,830 ETHAN: 7.0 milligrams of this, and I don't want 21 00:01:23,830 --> 00:01:27,430 to lose any of it. 22 00:01:27,430 --> 00:01:28,715 LINA: I think we're doing really well. 23 00:01:28,715 --> 00:01:30,140 We're being so careful. 24 00:01:30,140 --> 00:01:31,435 Everything's working out perfectly. 25 00:01:31,435 --> 00:01:35,610 26 00:01:35,610 --> 00:01:37,350 GUEST SPEAKER: After a bitter battle over the biggest 27 00:01:37,350 --> 00:01:41,120 crystal, Jason and Julie have made up. 28 00:01:41,120 --> 00:01:41,800 JASON: She did it. 29 00:01:41,800 --> 00:01:44,780 She probably spilled it so like, OK, I have an excuse to 30 00:01:44,780 --> 00:01:48,142 clean up this and get away from Jason. 31 00:01:48,142 --> 00:01:50,632 I didn't say anything. 32 00:01:50,632 --> 00:01:51,950 JULIE: What did he just say about me? 33 00:01:51,950 --> 00:01:54,728 34 00:01:54,728 --> 00:01:56,580 JASON: She hates me. 35 00:01:56,580 --> 00:01:57,740 She loves me! 36 00:01:57,740 --> 00:02:01,260 Well, she didn't want me to say that. 37 00:02:01,260 --> 00:02:03,370 LEALIA: I think we're almost done. 38 00:02:03,370 --> 00:02:04,250 YI-SHIUAN: We're done. 39 00:02:04,250 --> 00:02:06,370 ANTHONY: You're an awesome partner. 40 00:02:06,370 --> 00:02:08,780 TENGFEI: So tomorrow, we're going to see which tube the 41 00:02:08,780 --> 00:02:11,370 bacteria grows and which tube the bacteria dies. 42 00:02:11,370 --> 00:02:15,740 If they grow, the culture will become cloudy. 43 00:02:15,740 --> 00:02:18,920 GUEST SPEAKER: The next day, all the students have to do is 44 00:02:18,920 --> 00:02:22,340 measure how many bacteria are in each tube. 45 00:02:22,340 --> 00:02:25,010 PROFESSOR: This is how, when you make a drug candidate, you 46 00:02:25,010 --> 00:02:28,880 can gauge how effective your drug candidate is. 47 00:02:28,880 --> 00:02:31,580 GUEST SPEAKER: To do that, they use a spectrophotometer, 48 00:02:31,580 --> 00:02:35,050 which shoots light through the sample at a detector on the 49 00:02:35,050 --> 00:02:36,020 other side. 50 00:02:36,020 --> 00:02:39,130 If there are a lot of bacteria, most of that light 51 00:02:39,130 --> 00:02:42,340 is scattered in random directions and never reaches 52 00:02:42,340 --> 00:02:43,620 the detector. 53 00:02:43,620 --> 00:02:46,510 If there are very few bacteria, most of the light 54 00:02:46,510 --> 00:02:47,760 makes it through. 55 00:02:47,760 --> 00:02:50,440 56 00:02:50,440 --> 00:02:51,300 GUEST SPEAKER: Trying to find the line that 57 00:02:51,300 --> 00:02:52,740 fits the data well. 58 00:02:52,740 --> 00:02:54,810 LINA: It feels great, because I actually know what some of 59 00:02:54,810 --> 00:02:57,090 these things are. 60 00:02:57,090 --> 00:02:59,760 At the beginning I had no idea, so I was asking around 61 00:02:59,760 --> 00:03:01,710 the entire time. 62 00:03:01,710 --> 00:03:06,354 So I've learned something during three weeks. 63 00:03:06,354 --> 00:03:10,130 ANTHONY: 0.45. 64 00:03:10,130 --> 00:03:11,950 GUEST SPEAKER: The students plot the results on the white 65 00:03:11,950 --> 00:03:14,001 board and discuss whose penicillin is best. 66 00:03:14,001 --> 00:03:17,090 67 00:03:17,090 --> 00:03:18,070 GUEST SPEAKER: How are the results? 68 00:03:18,070 --> 00:03:20,872 ANTHONY: Did I win? 69 00:03:20,872 --> 00:03:24,648 GUEST SPEAKER: You tell me who wins. 70 00:03:24,648 --> 00:03:25,602 GUEST SPEAKER: I win! 71 00:03:25,602 --> 00:03:27,033 GUEST SPEAKER: Which is the best? 72 00:03:27,033 --> 00:03:28,650 GUEST SPEAKER: Yeah, Anthony's. 73 00:03:28,650 --> 00:03:30,700 ANTHONY: Mine. 74 00:03:30,700 --> 00:03:33,810 GUEST SPEAKER: Today is the students' last day in the lab. 75 00:03:33,810 --> 00:03:39,730 Tune in to the next episode to see how 5.301 wraps up. 76 00:03:39,730 --> 00:03:42,090 GUEST SPEAKER: Just imagine if you had a president that was a 77 00:03:42,090 --> 00:03:44,850 bachelor, or if you had a president with no kids. 78 00:03:44,850 --> 00:03:46,870 I think that we're going to have a gay president before we 79 00:03:46,870 --> 00:03:48,890 have one that doesn't have a spouse. 80 00:03:48,890 --> 00:03:49,670 Unthinkable. 81 00:03:49,670 --> 00:03:50,920 [MUSIC PLAYING-"HAIL TO THE CHIEF"] 82 00:03:50,920 --> 00:03:53,500 83 00:03:53,500 --> 00:03:54,375 GUEST SPEAKER: Wait, was he? 84 00:03:54,375 --> 00:03:55,780 GUEST SPEAKER: Yeah, he was. 85 00:03:55,780 --> 00:03:56,674 GUEST SPEAKER: He didn't have a wife? 86 00:03:56,674 --> 00:03:57,520 GUEST SPEAKER: Nope. 87 00:03:57,520 --> 00:03:59,960 GUEST SPEAKER: Oh my god, I'm so stupid. 88 00:03:59,960 --> 00:04:03,400 I should definitely fact-check before I talk. 89 00:04:03,400 --> 00:04:08,171