1 00:00:00,090 --> 00:00:02,490 The following content is provided under a Creative 2 00:00:02,490 --> 00:00:04,030 Commons license. 3 00:00:04,030 --> 00:00:06,330 Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare 4 00:00:06,330 --> 00:00:10,720 continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. 5 00:00:10,720 --> 00:00:13,320 To make a donation or view additional materials 6 00:00:13,320 --> 00:00:17,280 from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare 7 00:00:17,280 --> 00:00:20,350 at ocw.mit.edu. 8 00:00:20,350 --> 00:00:22,110 AMANDA MOK: So right now we're going 9 00:00:22,110 --> 00:00:25,790 to talk about the different styles of leadership. 10 00:00:25,790 --> 00:00:28,120 Last week, we looked at different movie clips and music 11 00:00:28,120 --> 00:00:30,120 clips, and now we're going to look at, actually, 12 00:00:30,120 --> 00:00:32,330 like characterized leaders. 13 00:00:32,330 --> 00:00:34,182 And so first of all, we have-- 14 00:00:34,182 --> 00:00:36,640 I don't have all the handouts, because it didn't print out. 15 00:00:36,640 --> 00:00:36,850 LAUREN RODDA: Yeah. 16 00:00:36,850 --> 00:00:37,590 That's fine. 17 00:00:37,590 --> 00:00:41,490 Can you guys bring down the boards? 18 00:00:41,490 --> 00:00:45,700 So we're going to do a little brainstorming session here. 19 00:00:45,700 --> 00:00:48,160 So there's lots of types of leaderships, 20 00:00:48,160 --> 00:00:50,261 and you can't generalize. 21 00:00:50,261 --> 00:00:50,760 You know? 22 00:00:50,760 --> 00:00:55,925 It's very-- this is just one way to categorize leaders. 23 00:00:58,820 --> 00:01:01,620 So not that you necessarily know what all these words mean, 24 00:01:01,620 --> 00:01:03,890 but what do you guys think some of these are? 25 00:01:03,890 --> 00:01:06,100 You can add to any of them, but let's start 26 00:01:06,100 --> 00:01:07,330 with transformational. 27 00:01:07,330 --> 00:01:08,810 What do you think a transformational leader would 28 00:01:08,810 --> 00:01:09,310 be? 29 00:01:11,830 --> 00:01:12,450 OK. 30 00:01:12,450 --> 00:01:13,040 Go for it. 31 00:01:13,040 --> 00:01:17,194 AUDIENCE: Someone who believes in change and [INAUDIBLE] 32 00:01:17,194 --> 00:01:19,179 a lot of the change. 33 00:01:19,179 --> 00:01:19,970 LAUREN RODDA: Good. 34 00:01:23,330 --> 00:01:24,290 Anybody else? 35 00:01:27,650 --> 00:01:28,526 AUDIENCE: Innovation. 36 00:01:28,526 --> 00:01:29,150 AMANDA MOK: Hm? 37 00:01:29,150 --> 00:01:30,070 AUDIENCE: Innovation? 38 00:01:30,070 --> 00:01:31,900 LAUREN RODDA: Innovation. 39 00:01:31,900 --> 00:01:32,400 OK. 40 00:01:36,304 --> 00:01:37,280 What else? 41 00:01:37,280 --> 00:01:38,650 What else do we add up there? 42 00:01:38,650 --> 00:01:41,066 AMANDA MOK: Who do you think are transformational leaders? 43 00:01:43,422 --> 00:01:45,664 How about coaches? 44 00:01:45,664 --> 00:01:46,164 Athletes? 45 00:01:46,164 --> 00:01:47,160 AUDIENCE: Barack Obama. 46 00:01:47,160 --> 00:01:47,970 LAUREN RODDA: Barack Obama. 47 00:01:47,970 --> 00:01:49,010 AMANDA MOK: Obama was a change. 48 00:01:49,010 --> 00:01:49,509 Yes. 49 00:01:53,660 --> 00:01:56,480 AUDIENCE: A leader will help people rise above what they 50 00:01:56,480 --> 00:02:01,420 are right now, will help them get higher in what they do. 51 00:02:01,420 --> 00:02:06,270 LAUREN RODDA: So a person who promot-- 52 00:02:06,270 --> 00:02:07,860 believes in promot-- can you say it? 53 00:02:07,860 --> 00:02:08,360 Like-- 54 00:02:08,360 --> 00:02:11,600 AUDIENCE: Like help people rise above 55 00:02:11,600 --> 00:02:16,160 and help what they can do, help to achieve 56 00:02:16,160 --> 00:02:17,592 what they want to do. 57 00:02:17,592 --> 00:02:18,300 LAUREN RODDA: OK. 58 00:02:18,300 --> 00:02:19,055 Promoting others. 59 00:02:28,862 --> 00:02:30,320 AMANDA MOK: Can you think of anyone 60 00:02:30,320 --> 00:02:33,630 who is a transformational leader in your life? 61 00:02:33,630 --> 00:02:36,320 For instance, if you're in sports, 62 00:02:36,320 --> 00:02:40,082 does your coach inspire you to change yourself? 63 00:02:40,082 --> 00:02:41,570 AUDIENCE: Yeah. 64 00:02:41,570 --> 00:02:43,554 Look at things differently. 65 00:02:43,554 --> 00:02:48,260 AMANDA MOK: Who else could take that role in society? 66 00:02:48,260 --> 00:02:49,010 AUDIENCE: Parents? 67 00:02:52,906 --> 00:02:54,780 LAUREN RODDA: Feel free to disagree or agree. 68 00:03:00,356 --> 00:03:02,689 AUDIENCE: Bosses. 69 00:03:02,689 --> 00:03:03,480 AMANDA MOK: Bosses. 70 00:03:10,429 --> 00:03:11,220 AUDIENCE: Teachers. 71 00:03:11,220 --> 00:03:12,095 AMANDA MOK: Teachers. 72 00:03:19,686 --> 00:03:20,647 AUDIENCE: Friends? 73 00:03:20,647 --> 00:03:21,730 AMANDA MOK: Friends, yeah. 74 00:03:21,730 --> 00:03:23,980 Friends would generally change you. 75 00:03:23,980 --> 00:03:25,447 AUDIENCE: [INAUDIBLE]. 76 00:03:29,410 --> 00:03:30,826 AMANDA MOK: Basically, the premise 77 00:03:30,826 --> 00:03:32,850 of a transformational leader is a person 78 00:03:32,850 --> 00:03:39,120 that makes change in whatever group they want to. 79 00:03:39,120 --> 00:03:44,112 They want to alter something about the world around them, 80 00:03:44,112 --> 00:03:47,870 and that's how they bring about their goal. 81 00:03:47,870 --> 00:03:50,450 LAUREN RODDA: Very often, they have a clear vision, 82 00:03:50,450 --> 00:03:51,600 inspirational leaders. 83 00:03:54,770 --> 00:03:57,190 AMANDA MOK: And then we have transactional leaders. 84 00:03:57,190 --> 00:04:00,170 So does anybody know what a transaction is? 85 00:04:00,170 --> 00:04:03,054 Like, when you buy something, you're exchanging money, 86 00:04:03,054 --> 00:04:04,470 and you're getting an object back. 87 00:04:04,470 --> 00:04:04,820 Right? 88 00:04:04,820 --> 00:04:06,080 So let's say I buy a shirt. 89 00:04:06,080 --> 00:04:09,170 So I'm transacting money for this shirt. 90 00:04:09,170 --> 00:04:11,420 So transactional leaders work in the same way. 91 00:04:11,420 --> 00:04:14,870 They say, if you do this for me, I'll give you some benefit. 92 00:04:14,870 --> 00:04:18,470 And that's how they get people to do what they want. 93 00:04:18,470 --> 00:04:19,579 AUDIENCE: JFK. 94 00:04:19,579 --> 00:04:20,528 AMANDA MOK: JFK? 95 00:04:20,528 --> 00:04:22,280 How so? 96 00:04:22,280 --> 00:04:23,310 AUDIENCE: His quote? 97 00:04:23,310 --> 00:04:24,110 AMANDA MOK: Huh? 98 00:04:24,110 --> 00:04:24,530 AUDIENCE: His quote. 99 00:04:24,530 --> 00:04:26,280 "Ask not what your country can do for you, 100 00:04:26,280 --> 00:04:28,080 ask what you can do for your country." 101 00:04:28,080 --> 00:04:29,720 AMANDA MOK: OK. 102 00:04:29,720 --> 00:04:32,310 But are you supposed to get something back from that? 103 00:04:32,310 --> 00:04:33,070 AUDIENCE: Yes. 104 00:04:33,070 --> 00:04:34,550 AMANDA MOK: What do you get? 105 00:04:34,550 --> 00:04:35,300 AUDIENCE: Results. 106 00:04:39,379 --> 00:04:41,045 AMANDA MOK: What other leaders are there 107 00:04:41,045 --> 00:04:44,196 out there that do that? 108 00:04:44,196 --> 00:04:46,100 AUDIENCE: Corporation leaders. 109 00:04:46,100 --> 00:04:49,700 The ones who lead a corporation and get it 110 00:04:49,700 --> 00:04:52,406 richer, and they get the money in return 111 00:04:52,406 --> 00:04:54,866 for promoting-- like [INAUDIBLE].. 112 00:04:59,310 --> 00:05:01,560 LAUREN RODDA: So whenever you work at a job, right? 113 00:05:01,560 --> 00:05:05,520 You're getting something for helping 114 00:05:05,520 --> 00:05:09,085 with some vision or some goal. 115 00:05:09,085 --> 00:05:10,710 AMANDA MOK: For instance, every company 116 00:05:10,710 --> 00:05:13,910 always has a mission statement or a vision statement. 117 00:05:13,910 --> 00:05:15,720 And as an employee of that company, 118 00:05:15,720 --> 00:05:17,460 you're helping towards that mission, 119 00:05:17,460 --> 00:05:18,960 but in return, you're getting money. 120 00:05:18,960 --> 00:05:21,620 So that's the sort of transaction dilemma 121 00:05:21,620 --> 00:05:23,770 that's going on. 122 00:05:23,770 --> 00:05:27,120 LAUREN RODDA: But does it have to be always money? 123 00:05:27,120 --> 00:05:29,430 Is that the only reward you can get? 124 00:05:29,430 --> 00:05:31,260 Money is the only thing that will motivate 125 00:05:31,260 --> 00:05:33,382 people to do something? 126 00:05:33,382 --> 00:05:35,044 AUDIENCE: Something as moral support. 127 00:05:35,044 --> 00:05:36,210 LAUREN RODDA: Moral support. 128 00:05:36,210 --> 00:05:37,670 I heard something back there. 129 00:05:37,670 --> 00:05:39,390 AUDIENCE: I said in most cases. 130 00:05:39,390 --> 00:05:40,670 LAUREN RODDA: In most cases. 131 00:05:40,670 --> 00:05:42,400 Well, OK. 132 00:05:42,400 --> 00:05:44,922 What about the other cases? 133 00:05:44,922 --> 00:05:46,860 AUDIENCE: Time? 134 00:05:46,860 --> 00:05:49,290 LAUREN RODDA: Time. 135 00:05:49,290 --> 00:05:49,790 OK. 136 00:05:49,790 --> 00:05:50,289 What else? 137 00:05:50,289 --> 00:05:52,460 Other motivating factors. 138 00:05:52,460 --> 00:05:55,098 AUDIENCE: Like, they're actually doing something good. 139 00:05:55,098 --> 00:05:56,002 LAUREN RODDA: OK. 140 00:05:56,002 --> 00:05:57,285 And we'll write morals. 141 00:06:03,476 --> 00:06:05,242 AUDIENCE: I didn't see any-- 142 00:06:05,242 --> 00:06:05,950 LAUREN RODDA: Oh? 143 00:06:05,950 --> 00:06:07,720 What did you say? 144 00:06:07,720 --> 00:06:08,557 AUDIENCE: Power? 145 00:06:08,557 --> 00:06:09,390 LAUREN RODDA: Power. 146 00:06:09,390 --> 00:06:10,280 What kind of power? 147 00:06:14,771 --> 00:06:19,119 AUDIENCE: Well, it's a dictator. 148 00:06:19,119 --> 00:06:20,410 LAUREN RODDA: No, that's valid. 149 00:06:20,410 --> 00:06:21,394 That's valid. 150 00:06:24,840 --> 00:06:28,300 AUDIENCE: You need-- well, a lot of times, dictators 151 00:06:28,300 --> 00:06:31,910 are put into their positions by the people, 152 00:06:31,910 --> 00:06:36,589 and the people expect to get something out of it. 153 00:06:36,589 --> 00:06:39,730 Some kind of changes, like probably 154 00:06:39,730 --> 00:06:43,830 the government, just the way that they [INTERPOSING VOICES].. 155 00:06:43,830 --> 00:06:44,670 AMANDA MOK: OK. 156 00:06:44,670 --> 00:06:45,170 Yes. 157 00:06:45,170 --> 00:06:46,360 Very good. 158 00:06:46,360 --> 00:06:48,820 Do you think, in systems with transactional leadership, 159 00:06:48,820 --> 00:06:50,170 there's discipline involved? 160 00:06:50,170 --> 00:06:54,250 Like very set goals, very set levels of where 161 00:06:54,250 --> 00:06:57,620 you fit in the hierarchy? 162 00:06:57,620 --> 00:06:59,830 Or is it just wishy-washy? 163 00:06:59,830 --> 00:07:03,720 I give you this, you give me this back? 164 00:07:03,720 --> 00:07:07,810 Where there are rewards, do there have to be punishments? 165 00:07:07,810 --> 00:07:08,810 AUDIENCE: Yeah. 166 00:07:08,810 --> 00:07:10,699 AUDIENCE: The golden rule. 167 00:07:10,699 --> 00:07:11,490 LAUREN RODDA: What? 168 00:07:11,490 --> 00:07:12,827 AUDIENCE: The golden rule. 169 00:07:12,827 --> 00:07:13,910 LAUREN RODDA: Golden rule? 170 00:07:13,910 --> 00:07:15,834 AUDIENCE: Yeah. 171 00:07:15,834 --> 00:07:18,310 AUDIENCE: Sometimes a bad transactional leader 172 00:07:18,310 --> 00:07:22,774 [INAUDIBLE] trades in the black market and stuff like that. 173 00:07:22,774 --> 00:07:24,690 LAUREN RODDA: OK. 174 00:07:24,690 --> 00:07:28,240 Well, you said yeah. 175 00:07:28,240 --> 00:07:30,550 AMANDA MOK: There have to be punishments in addition 176 00:07:30,550 --> 00:07:31,876 to rewards. 177 00:07:31,876 --> 00:07:32,501 AUDIENCE: Yeah. 178 00:07:32,501 --> 00:07:35,910 Because like you would want to do one thing 179 00:07:35,910 --> 00:07:38,345 and then get something out of it. 180 00:07:38,345 --> 00:07:41,510 And depending on what you do, you 181 00:07:41,510 --> 00:07:45,650 can something good or something bad out of it. 182 00:07:45,650 --> 00:07:48,020 I mean, in work, you get money. 183 00:07:48,020 --> 00:07:51,210 You break the law, you go to jail, [INAUDIBLE].. 184 00:07:51,210 --> 00:07:52,610 AMANDA MOK: OK. 185 00:07:52,610 --> 00:07:56,712 So law enforcement is very transactional, right? 186 00:07:56,712 --> 00:08:00,200 How about charismatic leaders? 187 00:08:00,200 --> 00:08:01,860 What is charisma? 188 00:08:01,860 --> 00:08:04,064 AUDIENCE: People who draw a crowd. 189 00:08:04,064 --> 00:08:07,860 The ability to be able to speak to a bunch of people 190 00:08:07,860 --> 00:08:11,800 without letting them get bored and able to persuade them 191 00:08:11,800 --> 00:08:13,690 to your ideals. 192 00:08:13,690 --> 00:08:17,010 AMANDA MOK: Did everyone hear that? 193 00:08:17,010 --> 00:08:17,850 No? 194 00:08:17,850 --> 00:08:19,435 You want to say it louder? 195 00:08:19,435 --> 00:08:21,960 AUDIENCE: The ability to draw in a crowd, 196 00:08:21,960 --> 00:08:26,350 to be able to tell them what they can do 197 00:08:26,350 --> 00:08:29,250 and to be able to persuade them to accept 198 00:08:29,250 --> 00:08:30,685 your ideals and your goals. 199 00:08:30,685 --> 00:08:31,310 AMANDA MOK: OK. 200 00:08:31,310 --> 00:08:33,929 So charisma can be also said to be the ability 201 00:08:33,929 --> 00:08:39,120 to speak to people and get them to understand your message. 202 00:08:39,120 --> 00:08:41,210 Right? 203 00:08:41,210 --> 00:08:44,620 Who are some charismatic leaders we can think of, 204 00:08:44,620 --> 00:08:46,450 in today's politics, perhaps? 205 00:08:46,450 --> 00:08:47,370 AUDIENCE: Obama. 206 00:08:47,370 --> 00:08:48,290 AMANDA MOK: Obama. 207 00:08:48,290 --> 00:08:49,210 Go on. 208 00:08:49,210 --> 00:08:50,314 Yeah. 209 00:08:50,314 --> 00:08:51,550 AUDIENCE: [INAUDIBLE]. 210 00:08:51,550 --> 00:08:53,590 AMANDA MOK: How about in the past? 211 00:08:53,590 --> 00:08:54,090 History? 212 00:08:54,090 --> 00:08:54,830 AUDIENCE: MLK. 213 00:08:54,830 --> 00:08:56,371 LAUREN RODDA: No, that's pretty good. 214 00:08:56,371 --> 00:08:56,930 Oprah's fine. 215 00:08:56,930 --> 00:08:58,690 AMANDA MOK: Oprah. 216 00:08:58,690 --> 00:08:59,711 Yeah? 217 00:08:59,711 --> 00:09:00,752 AUDIENCE: Charles Manson? 218 00:09:00,752 --> 00:09:01,629 AMANDA MOK: Who? 219 00:09:01,629 --> 00:09:02,670 AUDIENCE: Charles Manson. 220 00:09:02,670 --> 00:09:04,368 AMANDA MOK: Yeah. 221 00:09:04,368 --> 00:09:05,890 You were saying? 222 00:09:05,890 --> 00:09:06,590 AUDIENCE: MLK. 223 00:09:06,590 --> 00:09:07,257 AMANDA MOK: MLK. 224 00:09:07,257 --> 00:09:08,381 AUDIENCE: Thomas Jefferson? 225 00:09:08,381 --> 00:09:09,600 AMANDA MOK: Thomas Jefferson. 226 00:09:09,600 --> 00:09:11,866 All these very charismatic people 227 00:09:11,866 --> 00:09:13,782 got a message to a lot of people to get them-- 228 00:09:13,782 --> 00:09:14,164 AUDIENCE: John Lennon? 229 00:09:14,164 --> 00:09:15,080 AUDIENCE: Benjamin Franklin? 230 00:09:15,080 --> 00:09:16,076 LAUREN RODDA: Yeah. 231 00:09:16,076 --> 00:09:17,290 Very good. 232 00:09:17,290 --> 00:09:19,565 AUDIENCE: Hitler. 233 00:09:19,565 --> 00:09:20,480 AMANDA MOK: Ooh. 234 00:09:20,480 --> 00:09:21,070 So-- 235 00:09:21,070 --> 00:09:22,200 AUDIENCE: It is true. 236 00:09:22,200 --> 00:09:23,450 AMANDA MOK: Is he charismatic? 237 00:09:23,450 --> 00:09:23,920 Yes? 238 00:09:23,920 --> 00:09:24,330 AUDIENCE: Yes. 239 00:09:24,330 --> 00:09:24,955 AMANDA MOK: OK. 240 00:09:24,955 --> 00:09:27,060 AUDIENCE: But not in a good way. 241 00:09:27,060 --> 00:09:28,560 AUDIENCE: It could be in a good way. 242 00:09:28,560 --> 00:09:30,101 LAUREN RODDA: Well, was he effective? 243 00:09:30,101 --> 00:09:30,780 AUDIENCE: Yes. 244 00:09:30,780 --> 00:09:31,863 LAUREN RODDA: There we go. 245 00:09:31,863 --> 00:09:33,790 He got a whole country under his thumb. 246 00:09:37,790 --> 00:09:38,505 AUDIENCE: Gandhi? 247 00:09:38,505 --> 00:09:39,380 LAUREN RODDA: Gandhi. 248 00:09:42,785 --> 00:09:43,640 That was good. 249 00:09:43,640 --> 00:09:44,140 All set. 250 00:09:44,140 --> 00:09:46,140 AUDIENCE: I can't even remember them all. 251 00:09:57,065 --> 00:09:59,380 Is there a difference between good leadership 252 00:09:59,380 --> 00:10:02,278 and a good leader? 253 00:10:02,278 --> 00:10:04,532 AUDIENCE: Yeah. 254 00:10:04,532 --> 00:10:05,990 AUDIENCE: Hitler was a good leader, 255 00:10:05,990 --> 00:10:10,471 but he wasn't good in the black and white sense. 256 00:10:10,471 --> 00:10:13,880 AUDIENCE: No, he had good leadership skills, 257 00:10:13,880 --> 00:10:17,776 [INAUDIBLE] that doesn't mean he was a good person. 258 00:10:20,698 --> 00:10:24,100 LAUREN RODDA: I heard a lot more yeses out there. 259 00:10:24,100 --> 00:10:26,970 Let me hear from the second row. 260 00:10:26,970 --> 00:10:29,375 Sam. 261 00:10:29,375 --> 00:10:29,875 Samantha? 262 00:10:29,875 --> 00:10:32,330 What do you think? 263 00:10:32,330 --> 00:10:35,276 AUDIENCE: Well, yes, [INAUDIBLE] you 264 00:10:35,276 --> 00:10:38,713 could be a good leader where you could get people to follow you 265 00:10:38,713 --> 00:10:39,695 [INAUDIBLE]. 266 00:10:43,623 --> 00:10:44,620 LAUREN RODDA: OK. 267 00:10:44,620 --> 00:10:46,876 AUDIENCE: Morals and motives play an important role 268 00:10:46,876 --> 00:10:49,034 in leadership. 269 00:10:49,034 --> 00:10:54,263 Kind of what the leader wants [INAUDIBLE] more power as 270 00:10:54,263 --> 00:10:57,998 opposed to [INAUDIBLE]. 271 00:10:57,998 --> 00:10:59,990 LAUREN RODDA: OK. 272 00:10:59,990 --> 00:11:01,590 And then-- 273 00:11:01,590 --> 00:11:03,634 AMANDA MOK: Are we moving on? 274 00:11:03,634 --> 00:11:04,570 LAUREN RODDA: Sure. 275 00:11:04,570 --> 00:11:06,780 AMANDA MOK: Then we have servant leaders. 276 00:11:06,780 --> 00:11:08,920 So basically, servant leaders, instead of saying, 277 00:11:08,920 --> 00:11:12,620 I'm going to be the leader of my group, they say to themselves, 278 00:11:12,620 --> 00:11:14,450 I want to help these people, and this 279 00:11:14,450 --> 00:11:17,340 is how I'm going to give them my service. 280 00:11:17,340 --> 00:11:20,162 So what kind of people do you think-- or what examples can 281 00:11:20,162 --> 00:11:22,855 you give me of servant leaders [INAUDIBLE] other people. 282 00:11:22,855 --> 00:11:24,980 AUDIENCE: The president is supposed to be that way. 283 00:11:24,980 --> 00:11:25,605 AMANDA MOK: Hm? 284 00:11:25,605 --> 00:11:27,840 AUDIENCE: The president's supposed to be that way. 285 00:11:27,840 --> 00:11:29,600 AMANDA MOK: Is he supposed to? 286 00:11:29,600 --> 00:11:30,920 Is he? 287 00:11:30,920 --> 00:11:33,094 Roosevelt? 288 00:11:33,094 --> 00:11:35,490 How so? 289 00:11:35,490 --> 00:11:40,205 AUDIENCE: Because he had a plan to help the people. 290 00:11:40,205 --> 00:11:43,542 Help the people get out of the Depression. 291 00:11:43,542 --> 00:11:49,370 And the laws he passed and the programs he created 292 00:11:49,370 --> 00:11:52,860 were designed to help other people. 293 00:11:52,860 --> 00:11:54,258 AMANDA MOK: OK. 294 00:11:54,258 --> 00:11:56,269 Any other examples? 295 00:11:56,269 --> 00:11:56,894 AUDIENCE: Yeah. 296 00:11:56,894 --> 00:11:58,220 Chamberlain. 297 00:11:58,220 --> 00:11:58,886 AMANDA MOK: Who? 298 00:11:58,886 --> 00:12:02,372 AUDIENCE: [INAUDIBLE] Chamberlain. 299 00:12:02,372 --> 00:12:03,810 Which war was this? 300 00:12:03,810 --> 00:12:06,049 World War II. 301 00:12:06,049 --> 00:12:08,340 The people in England, they didn't want to go to fight, 302 00:12:08,340 --> 00:12:10,675 and Chamberlain was like, yeah. 303 00:12:10,675 --> 00:12:11,924 You don't want to go to fight? 304 00:12:11,924 --> 00:12:13,850 We'll make a speech about peace. 305 00:12:13,850 --> 00:12:15,660 AMANDA MOK: OK. 306 00:12:15,660 --> 00:12:20,180 So representing for you the thoughts from the people you're 307 00:12:20,180 --> 00:12:23,190 actually supposed to represent accurately. 308 00:12:23,190 --> 00:12:25,750 Who else was a servant leader? 309 00:12:25,750 --> 00:12:26,730 AUDIENCE: Gandhi? 310 00:12:26,730 --> 00:12:28,200 AMANDA MOK: Gandhi. 311 00:12:28,200 --> 00:12:31,174 AUDIENCE: What's the name [INAUDIBLE]?? 312 00:12:31,174 --> 00:12:32,840 AMANDA MOK: Do you want to explain more? 313 00:12:32,840 --> 00:12:34,571 I don't know who [INAUDIBLE]. 314 00:12:34,571 --> 00:12:37,650 AUDIENCE: He was a guy who lived in Warsaw, 315 00:12:37,650 --> 00:12:43,734 and he tried to [INAUDIBLE] that children's education is more 316 00:12:43,734 --> 00:12:48,670 important than what you guys do, and they respected also her 317 00:12:48,670 --> 00:12:49,170 [INAUDIBLE]. 318 00:12:49,170 --> 00:12:49,795 AMANDA MOK: OK. 319 00:12:53,290 --> 00:12:56,400 What about Mother Theresa? 320 00:12:56,400 --> 00:12:59,094 What was her goal in life, and how did she 321 00:12:59,094 --> 00:13:02,966 work to do her mission? 322 00:13:02,966 --> 00:13:06,354 AUDIENCE: She tried to help the poor. 323 00:13:06,354 --> 00:13:13,420 She tried to-- a lot of people in India were really, really 324 00:13:13,420 --> 00:13:16,594 poor, and some didn't have homes. 325 00:13:16,594 --> 00:13:19,010 Some live on the streets and didn't have something to eat. 326 00:13:19,010 --> 00:13:21,670 So she tried to set up homes and stuff 327 00:13:21,670 --> 00:13:26,264 so that they could have food to eat and a place to stay. 328 00:13:26,264 --> 00:13:30,556 So she helped them. 329 00:13:30,556 --> 00:13:32,680 AMANDA MOK: And in doing so, did she sort of become 330 00:13:32,680 --> 00:13:35,940 a leader of that movement? 331 00:13:35,940 --> 00:13:39,759 Volunteering, helping other people who are in need? 332 00:13:39,759 --> 00:13:40,342 AUDIENCE: Mhm. 333 00:13:43,690 --> 00:13:45,572 LAUREN RODDA: Zura, what do you think? 334 00:13:48,524 --> 00:13:51,476 AUDIENCE: Prophet Muhmmad, he was a prophet. 335 00:13:51,476 --> 00:13:52,952 Prophet Muhammad. 336 00:13:52,952 --> 00:13:54,920 I think he was a very good [INAUDIBLE].. 337 00:13:54,920 --> 00:13:56,396 He was a servant from God. 338 00:13:56,396 --> 00:14:00,824 And he did a lot of things to help the poor and the needy. 339 00:14:00,824 --> 00:14:05,780 He also considered himself like them, so [INAUDIBLE].. 340 00:14:05,780 --> 00:14:07,610 LAUREN RODDA: So empathy? 341 00:14:07,610 --> 00:14:11,910 Do you think empathy is important for some reason? 342 00:14:11,910 --> 00:14:13,639 AUDIENCE: Putting people before yourself. 343 00:14:13,639 --> 00:14:14,430 LAUREN RODDA: Yeah. 344 00:14:14,430 --> 00:14:14,895 AMANDA MOK: Definitely. 345 00:14:14,895 --> 00:14:16,290 AUDIENCE: I know [INAUDIBLE]. 346 00:14:16,290 --> 00:14:17,520 LAUREN RODDA: OK. 347 00:14:17,520 --> 00:14:19,320 AUDIENCE: His name was Homer. 348 00:14:19,320 --> 00:14:23,344 He was actually a leader of-- 349 00:14:23,344 --> 00:14:26,436 he was the second leader of the-- there was 350 00:14:26,436 --> 00:14:28,450 an empire after [INAUDIBLE]. 351 00:14:28,450 --> 00:14:30,930 He would do-- he would do things like wander around 352 00:14:30,930 --> 00:14:37,410 the city at night and make sure everybody was satisfied when-- 353 00:14:37,410 --> 00:14:40,838 he would make sure that nobody went hungry or anything. 354 00:14:40,838 --> 00:14:43,278 And he would do it himself. 355 00:14:43,278 --> 00:14:46,694 [INAUDIBLE] 356 00:14:46,694 --> 00:14:49,550 LAUREN RODDA: Yeah, that's a good example. 357 00:14:49,550 --> 00:14:51,780 So some of the examples we've heard, 358 00:14:51,780 --> 00:14:55,490 it's like singular people, but servant leadership, 359 00:14:55,490 --> 00:14:57,630 all you've been saying is serving the people, 360 00:14:57,630 --> 00:15:02,560 being among the people, which is a very general word. 361 00:15:02,560 --> 00:15:06,636 But can you do it by yourself? 362 00:15:06,636 --> 00:15:07,608 AUDIENCE: No. 363 00:15:07,608 --> 00:15:10,450 You need help no matter what you think. 364 00:15:10,450 --> 00:15:13,480 The one person can change a lot of people's perspective. 365 00:15:13,480 --> 00:15:15,142 They can't do anything alone. 366 00:15:15,142 --> 00:15:16,588 You need somebody [INAUDIBLE]. 367 00:15:16,588 --> 00:15:19,480 AUDIENCE: And support, always, to do anything. 368 00:15:23,818 --> 00:15:28,670 LAUREN RODDA: So when you see a servant leader, 369 00:15:28,670 --> 00:15:30,890 they have to understand that people 370 00:15:30,890 --> 00:15:35,770 are trying to aid or help, if that's their vision, 371 00:15:35,770 --> 00:15:39,340 to support those around them. 372 00:15:39,340 --> 00:15:42,550 You have to be able to empathize. 373 00:15:42,550 --> 00:15:44,830 You have to have the cooperation of the people. 374 00:15:44,830 --> 00:15:46,510 Because if they don't-- 375 00:15:46,510 --> 00:15:50,160 if you think this thing would be great for them, 376 00:15:50,160 --> 00:15:54,134 but it's not what they need, but it's 377 00:15:54,134 --> 00:15:55,300 effective towards your goal. 378 00:15:58,282 --> 00:16:02,258 So [INAUDIBLE]. 379 00:16:02,258 --> 00:16:05,240 [LAUGHTER] 380 00:16:09,710 --> 00:16:10,210 OK. 381 00:16:10,210 --> 00:16:12,520 So is there anything missing? 382 00:16:17,120 --> 00:16:18,699 AUDIENCE: Other kinds of leaders? 383 00:16:18,699 --> 00:16:19,490 LAUREN RODDA: Sure. 384 00:16:19,490 --> 00:16:21,115 Yeah. 385 00:16:21,115 --> 00:16:23,275 AUDIENCE: Tyrannical? 386 00:16:23,275 --> 00:16:24,066 LAUREN RODDA: What? 387 00:16:24,066 --> 00:16:25,930 AUDIENCE: Tyrannical leaders? 388 00:16:25,930 --> 00:16:26,971 LAUREN RODDA: Tyrannical? 389 00:16:26,971 --> 00:16:28,171 Is that what you said? 390 00:16:28,171 --> 00:16:28,670 OK. 391 00:16:28,670 --> 00:16:31,360 AUDIENCE: Dictator [INAUDIBLE]. 392 00:16:31,360 --> 00:16:33,800 LAUREN RODDA: So give us some qualities 393 00:16:33,800 --> 00:16:34,758 of a tyrannical leader. 394 00:16:34,758 --> 00:16:37,248 AUDIENCE: They rule through fear. 395 00:16:37,248 --> 00:16:38,946 LAUREN RODDA: Rule by fear. 396 00:16:38,946 --> 00:16:43,447 AUDIENCE: Or they can rule [INAUDIBLE] not always fear, 397 00:16:43,447 --> 00:16:44,920 in Hitler's case. 398 00:16:49,162 --> 00:16:49,870 LAUREN RODDA: OK. 399 00:16:49,870 --> 00:16:50,580 Anybody else? 400 00:16:50,580 --> 00:16:53,800 A leader? 401 00:16:53,800 --> 00:16:55,676 I by no means say this is everything, I just. 402 00:16:55,676 --> 00:16:56,466 AUDIENCE: It's not. 403 00:16:56,466 --> 00:16:57,730 LAUREN RODDA: These are some. 404 00:17:00,500 --> 00:17:02,010 Are people a combination? 405 00:17:02,010 --> 00:17:02,880 Sure. 406 00:17:02,880 --> 00:17:05,460 Right? 407 00:17:05,460 --> 00:17:06,829 Nobody fits in a box. 408 00:17:10,780 --> 00:17:11,596 All right. 409 00:17:15,046 --> 00:17:15,970 Woo-hoo! 410 00:17:15,970 --> 00:17:16,690 OK. 411 00:17:16,690 --> 00:17:18,369 So yes. 412 00:17:18,369 --> 00:17:21,099 These are four types of leaders. 413 00:17:21,099 --> 00:17:26,410 And it's good to think about what qualities a leader-- 414 00:17:26,410 --> 00:17:31,000 what qualities you have and what qualities people around you. 415 00:17:31,000 --> 00:17:36,100 If you find a cause that you're really interested in helping 416 00:17:36,100 --> 00:17:41,230 work towards, then it's good to understand 417 00:17:41,230 --> 00:17:43,420 how the system works. 418 00:17:43,420 --> 00:17:50,470 How your boss or your president or anyone who's a leader. 419 00:17:50,470 --> 00:17:51,130 Your teacher. 420 00:17:51,130 --> 00:17:55,243 Hot it works, so that it can be most effective. 421 00:17:55,243 --> 00:17:58,330 AMANDA MOK: And also, when you become a leader, 422 00:17:58,330 --> 00:18:00,860 understanding who you're working with and how they work. 423 00:18:00,860 --> 00:18:04,870 So for example, someone you're working with who is technically 424 00:18:04,870 --> 00:18:07,224 their leader, if they work in a more transactional way, 425 00:18:07,224 --> 00:18:09,640 then you switch to that mode, into a transactional leader. 426 00:18:09,640 --> 00:18:11,764 But if someone's more of a transformational leader, 427 00:18:11,764 --> 00:18:13,290 they want someone to help them, then 428 00:18:13,290 --> 00:18:15,930 you switch to that transformational leader role. 429 00:18:15,930 --> 00:18:18,310 So you have to take on all these different aspects 430 00:18:18,310 --> 00:18:19,400 of leadership. 431 00:18:19,400 --> 00:18:23,110 It's not just one way for one goal. 432 00:18:23,110 --> 00:18:26,820 There's always a multitude of ways to do something. 433 00:18:26,820 --> 00:18:27,720 LAUREN RODDA: Yeah. 434 00:18:27,720 --> 00:18:30,770 So just think about it.