Primers
C for Java Programmers (PDF) (Courtesy of Reid Kleckner. Used with permission.)
C++: The Good, Bad, and Ugly (PDF) (Courtesy of Reid Kleckner. Used with permission.)
Readings
Demaine, Erik. "Cache-Oblivious Algorithms and Data Structures." Lecture Notes from the EEF Summer School on Massive Data Sets, 2002.
Frigo, Matteo, Charles Leiserson, Harald Prokop, and Sridhar Ramachandran. "Cache-Oblivious Algorithms." Proceedings of the 40th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, 1999. (
PDF)
Cormen, Thomas, Charles Leiserson, et al. "Multithreaded Algorithms." Chapter 27 in Introduction to Algorithms. 3rd ed. MIT Press, 2009, pp. 772–812. ISBN: 9780262033848. [Preview with Google Books]
Frigo, Matteo, Pablo Halpern, Charles Leiserson, and Stephen Lewin-Berlin. "Reducers and Other Cilk++ Hyperobjects." Proceedings of the 21st Annual Symposium on Parallelism in Algorithms and Architectures, 2009. (PDF)
References
Thomadakis, Michael. "The Architecture of the Nehalem Processor and Nehalem-EP SMP Platforms." (PDF - 1.6MB) A technical overview of the Nehalem architecture features.
Intel 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer's Manuals. For instruction set reference, see volumes 2A and 2B.
x86 Instruction Set Reference. A table of x86 instructions linking to their detailed descriptions.
The Git Community Book. A comprehensive guide to using Git.
Cilk++ Programmer's Guide (PDF)