Molecular Motors
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Molecular motors:
- Kinesin and Dynein move in opposite directions along microtubules consuming ATP
- Myosin moves on actin filaments
- Animation of motion of kinesin on a microtubule
- General scheme of motor transport:
- Asymmetry for directionality
- Rectification of fluctuations by consumption of energy
- Motion in a noisy environment
A Brownian ratchet (Image from Wikimedia Commons)
- Feynman's ratchet and pawl:
- Simulation of a Brownian motor
- From the web-page of George Oster:
- Wang, H., and G. Oster. "Ratchets, power strokes, and molecular motors." (
PDF) Applied Physics A 75, no. 315 (2002). - Bustamante, C., D. Keller, et al. "The Physics of Molecular Motors." (PDF) Acc. Chem. Res. 34, no. 412 (2001).
- Animation of energy landscape for a rotary motor
- Wang, H., and G. Oster. "Ratchets, power strokes, and molecular motors." (
- Fisher, M. E., A. B. Kolomeisky. "The force exerted by a molecular motor." PNAS 96, no. 6597 (1999).
- Multiple internal states
- Solution with two internal state
- Einstein force, stalling force
Some Related Links
- Kinesin Home Page
- Dynein Home Page
- Myosin Home Page
- Kinesin Motors—the Movies
- Vale lab movies (e.g. MT gliding)
- The inner life of a cell
- Lecture at Delft by Gerrit E.W. Bauer
- Capturing and viewing single molecules:
Cell Motion
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Brownian motion:
- Movies of milk droplets in water, DNA tethered bead
- Animated simulation (see also Applet 1, Applet 2)
- Langevin description
- Fokker-Planck description
- Thermal equilibrium and the Einsten relation
- Crawling cells
- Swimming cells:
- Life at Low Reynolds Number (E.M. Purcell)
- The scallop theorem: impossibility of reciprocal motion
- Flagellar rotary motion (efficiency)
- Chemotaxis by runs and tumbles—why?
Some Related Links
- Cell Locomotion
- Some parameters for diverse Cell Motion
- E. M. Purcell. "The efficiency of propulsion by a rotating flagellum." (PDF) PNAS 94, (1997): 11307–11.
- Berg, Howard. "Motile Behavior of Bacteria." Physics Today, January 2000, 24.